化學品運輸安全脆弱性分析

Security Vulnerability Analysis of Chemical Transportation

郭金鷹(Chin-Ying Kuo) ； 李文亮(William Wen-Lian Lee) ； 洪肇嘉(Jao-Jia Horng) ； 李旻謙(Min-Chien Li) ； 周芸(Yun Chou)

《勞工安全衛生研究季刊》 19卷4期 (2011/12) Pp. 579-587

https://doi.org/10.7005/JOSH.201112.0048

摘要

本研究針對台灣中部地區化學品運輸司機共68位，以問卷調查方式探究運輸業界在安全脆弱性分析（Security Vulnerability Analysis, SVA）之推動情況，並進行中部地區運輸路線及事故探討。國內化學品交通運輸中，交通意外及洩漏為主要的事故型態。運送危害物質又以易燃性物質佔最大宗，而其運送頻率相較其他化學品高，因此事故發生率也最高。本研究歸納出以下重點，（1）司機對運輸車輛安全最重視，但對門禁管制最忽略；（2）需加強運輸路線後果分析、門禁管制措施、保全措施、災害緊急應變計畫完整性、災害聯防支援及急救醫療設備；（3）大部分運輸公司需根據可能出現的威脅，審查和更新現有的安全程序。此外，化學品運輸事故統計顯示，事故有半數以上為擦撞或翻覆之交通意外，並未引起大量洩漏、火災或爆炸等危害。但國內事故處理機制在安全考量下，往往需全線或部份路段封閉。因此建議事故處理除需注意安全性外，尚需審慎考量交通管制及替代道路問題。美國石油協會（API）所推展的安全脆弱性分析方法行之多年且成效卓著。建議台灣運輸業界可進行類似評估及管理，政府也可參考國外對安全脆弱性分析及預防管理最新發展趨勢，著手擬定適合台灣使用之相關規範。後續研究可結合起迄運地、及運輸路線做一整體性的安全脆弱性分析研究。

關鍵字

安全脆弱性分析 ； 化學品運輸 ； 問卷調查 ； 運輸路線後果分析

並列摘要

This study surveyed sixty-eight drivers/managers of chemical transportation in the central region of Taiwan in order to understand the security vulnerability analysis (SVA) of transportation sector as well as the routes and accidents. The major accident types of chemical transport are traffic accidents and followed by the leakage of chemicals. Flammable substances were not only the largest amount but also the most frequent ones. This research concluded the followings: 1. drivers focused then attention on the safety of transportation management but ignore the entrance control; 2. the chemical transport need to strengthen the consequence analysis of transportation routes, enforce the entrance control and security measures, complete the integrity of emergency response plans, promote mutual aid support and first aid equipment; 3. the most companies need to require to review and update their existed safety protocols according to possible threats. Besides, more than half of the events in chemical transportation accidents were merely minor collisions on exterior or over-turn, rather than large amount of leakage, fire or explosion hazards. However, those events were often conducting full or partial road closures under security considerations and traffic management. SVA has been promoted for years by the America Petroleum Institute (API) with good success. We suggest our transportation sector should introduce similar evaluation and management as well as our government should follow the new trends on SVA and preventive management and should promulgate the new regulations. The subsequent researchers should consider the combination of shippers' sites, transportation routes and receivers sites for a complete SVA.

並列關鍵字

Security vulnerability analysis (SVA) ； Chemical transportation ； Survey ； Route consequence analysis

參考文獻

(Department of Homeland Security. Chemical Facility Anti-Terrorism Standards. Rules and Regulations；2007.).

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蔡耀平(2007)。安全脆弱性分析（Security Vulnerability Analysis）應用於工廠危害性製程管理之研究(碩士論文)。國立雲林科技大學。

陳志達、陳香梅、洪肇嘉()。

郭金鷹(2010)。台灣中部地區化學品運輸之安全脆弱性分析(碩士論文)。國立雲林科技大學。