錢穆先生章學誠研究述論

錢穆先生對章學誠(1738-1801)所作之研究主要見之於《中國近三百年學術史》〈章實齋〉一章。該章之細目計有：(1)《文史通義》與經學 (2) 浙東學派與浙西學派 (3) 經學與史學 (4) 學問與功力 (5) 纂類與著述 (6) 著述與事功 (7) 性情與風氣 (8) 專家與通識 (9) 方法與門路 (10) 校讎與著錄 (11) 實齋學風之影響 (12) 實齋文字編年要目；即共十二目。筆者乃以該十二目為主軸，藉以闡述錢先生對實齋所作之研究。錢先生之其他著作，如《中國史學名著》、《兩漢經學今古文平議》及《國學概論》中之相關論述，筆者亦予以充份參考。錢先生以實齋之著作為佐證，提要鉤玄地發覆了實齋學術之精髓；在解讀實齋論學之要旨方面，尤其使人讚嗟。然而，天下無十全十美的文章。筆者研究實齋有年，錢先生對實齋所作之探討，或仍不免可有商榷之處；乃於本文末以小許篇幅一伸管見焉。

關鍵字

錢穆；章學誠；章實齋

並列摘要

Professor Ch'ien Mu (1895-1990), famous scholar in the field of classical Chinese Studies and especially in history, contributed a monumental article (as one of the chapters included in his famous work entitled ”History on the scholarship of the Chinese authors of the last three hundred years”) on the study of Zhang Xuecheng (1738-1801), philosopher and historian of the Qing Dynasty. The paper aims at to elaborate and discuss Chien's view points as well as his interpretations on the theories of Zhang Xuecheng regarding historiography, bibliography, litterature studies, etc. Professor Ch'ien actually discussed or mentioned Zhang Xuecheng many times in his different works. However, the article included in the above mentioned work, i.e. ”History on the scholarship of the Chinese authors of the last three hundred years”, is without any doubt the most solid and most documentated one. Therefore, I am going to deal with Ch'ien's study on Zhang, taking that article as the main reference. I have studied Zhang Xuecheng for more than twenty years. Thus the paper might perphaps serve the researchers who have interest on Zhang himself. Of course, the discussion on Ch'ien's view points and on his interpretations on Zhang Xuecheng is anyhow the very purpose of my paper.