清末臺灣行政空間的調整與整合對臺中市發展之意義

1885年清朝政府改福建巡撫為臺灣巡撫，並任劉銘傳為臺灣首任巡撫，揭開臺灣建省的序幕。自1885年起至1895年臺灣割日止，經歷了籌備建省、獨立建省並於中部設置省會，最後將省會北移至臺北等階段，各個階段對於日後臺中市的發展來說，有著重大的意義。建省時期劉銘傳除了調整臺灣的行政區劃，以便使政治力能有效地傳達到各地之外，並為了因應以中部省會為核心，而構想了一套利用交通線路連結全臺的空間整合藍圖。這套空間藍圖後來卻因中部越嶺道路的廢棄、縱貫鐵路未能全線修築以及省會的北移終告破局。臺灣城雖一度擁有省會身份，但此一身份對於當時以及後來臺中市的發展而言，影響並不大。雖然清末所建造的臺灣城自始至終未曾真正擔負起省會或是府治的機能，臺灣城的設立仍傳達了今臺中市地方行政中心確立、區域中心雛形出現、及都市機能區劃的先驅三項重要訊息。

關鍵字

行政區劃；空間整合；交通聯結；臺灣城；臺中市

並列摘要

In 1885, the Qing government changed Fo-kien xun fu into Taiwan xun fu and appointed Liu Ming-Chuan the first Taiwan xun fu which uncovered the beginning of foundation of Taiwan Province. From 1885 to 1895, Taiwan went through arrangements for the foundation of Taiwan province, independent foundation of province and set provincial capital in the central area, and the change of provincial capital to Taipei. Each stage had a great meaning to Taichung city in the future. In order to convey political power to each place efficiently, Liu Ming-Chuan adjusted administrative divisions of Taiwan. He also composed a set of spatial integration blueprint to correspond to the central provincial capital. Due to the discard of central cross-island way, the discontinuity of north-south railway and movement of provincial capital to Taipei, this spatial blueprint failed. Although Taiwan walled city was ever the provincial capital but it didn't deeply influence the development of Taichung city. Taiwan walled city still conveyed two messages of establishment of the local administrative center, appearance of the embryonic regional centre, and the pioneer of urban functional divisions even though it never really worked as the provincial capital or prefectural capital.