以量測地面作用力對三至十二歲兒童所作之步態分析

Gait Analysis by Measuring Ground Reaction Forces in Children Aged from Three to Twelve

陳嘉玲(Chia-Ling Chen) ； 洪維憲(Wei-Hsien Hong) ； 陳協慶(Hsieh-Ching Chen) ； 吳菁宜(Ching-Yi Wu) ； 王錦滿(Chin-Man Wang) ； 黃美涓(May-Kuen Wong) ； 鄧復旦(Fuk-Tan Tang)

《中華民國復健醫學會雜誌》 28卷3期 (2000/09) Pp. 153-161

摘要

The study analyzed the kinematic parameters, symmetry and consistency as well as the force distribution during walking in the children aged 3 to 12 years old in order to assess the development of the matured gait. One hundred and four children (50 boys, 54 girls) were divided into five groups based on age, with group A aged 3 to 4 years, group B aged 5 to 6 years, group C aged 7 to 8 years, group D aged 9 to 10 years, and group E aged 11 to 12 years old. In this study, we used a computer dynography (CDG) gait analysis system to measure the ground reaction force during walking in children.
From the pattern of gaitline, heel-strike pattern at the onset of walking was found in only 50% in children aged 3~4 years, while this pattern occurred in most children after 5~6 years (p＜0.05). Thus, the relative percentage of maximum vertical forefoot and midfoot forces in the children aged 3~4 years were larger than other age-groups, while the relatvie percentage of maximum vertical hindfoot force was lesser than other age-groups (p＜0.05). The relatvie percentages of maximal vertical forces in the forefoot, midfoot and hindfoot showed no significant changes among groups after 5~6 years. The consistency and symmetry index of step length also showed no significant differences among age-groups after 5~6 years. However, the walking velocity, step length, cadence, double and single support time disclosed no significant changes among all age-groups.
In conclusion, the development of gait in children achieves maturation, which is correlated with the maturation of both the nervous and musculoskeletal systems, at the age of 5~6 years. Consistency and symmetry of step length and the distribution of ground reaction force, espeically, the heel-strike pattern show the maturation of gait. The norms of children gait obtained in this study may provide a reference for the assessment and treatment of pathological gait in pediatric rehabilitation.

關鍵字

兒童 ； 步態分析 ； 地板作用力

並列摘要

The study analyzed the kinematic parameters, symmetry and consistency as well as the force distribution during walking in the children aged 3 to 12 years old in order to assess the development of the matured gait. One hundred and four children (50 boys, 54 girls) were divided into five groups based on age, with group A aged 3 to 4 years, group B aged 5 to 6 years, group C aged 7 to 8 years, group D aged 9 to 10 years, and group E aged 11 to 12 years old. In this study, we used a computer dynography (CDG) gait analysis system to measure the ground reaction force during walking in children.
From the pattern of gaitline, heel-strike pattern at the onset of walking was found in only 50% in children aged 3~4 years, while this pattern occurred in most children after 5~6 years (p＜0.05). Thus, the relative percentage of maximum vertical forefoot and midfoot forces in the children aged 3~4 years were larger than other age-groups, while the relatvie percentage of maximum vertical hindfoot force was lesser than other age-groups (p＜0.05). The relatvie percentages of maximal vertical forces in the forefoot, midfoot and hindfoot showed no significant changes among groups after 5~6 years. The consistency and symmetry index of step length also showed no significant differences among age-groups after 5~6 years. However, the walking velocity, step length, cadence, double and single support time disclosed no significant changes among all age-groups.
In conclusion, the development of gait in children achieves maturation, which is correlated with the maturation of both the nervous and musculoskeletal systems, at the age of 5~6 years. Consistency and symmetry of step length and the distribution of ground reaction force, espeically, the heel-strike pattern show the maturation of gait. The norms of children gait obtained in this study may provide a reference for the assessment and treatment of pathological gait in pediatric rehabilitation.

並列關鍵字

children ； gait analysis ； ground reaction force