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Novel Orthoses for Male Hemiplegic Patients to Perform Clean Intermittent Catheterization: A Case Report

協助男性偏癱患者施行間歇性導尿之新型輔具:病例報告

摘要


神經性膀胱症(neurogenic bladder)指的是外傷或內因性神經疾病所導致的膀胱機能異常。間歇性導尿(clean intermittent catheterization)能有效降低神經性膀胱症所產生的腎水腫、膀胱輸尿管逆流、泌尿道結石等併發症;其擁有較高的接受度也有助於患者心理社會層面的康復。一般的間歇性導尿技術需在健全的雙手及良好的軀幹平衡能力下才能順利執行,但腦中風患者或有半側癱瘓的問題,將使得間歇性導尿的執行有很大的障礙。本例爲一個37歲男性,罹患顱內出血合併左側肢體癱瘓及神經性膀胱症。在照顧者協助下,患者先以間歇性導尿的方式來緩解尿液滯留的問題。但由於照顧者無法隨侍照料,該病患亟欲尋求可用單側肢體獨立完成間歇性導尿的方法。利用熱塑性素材設計出兩個輔助裝置來克服患者執行間歇性導尿時可能遇到的障礙:導尿管支架可用來放置導尿管,輔助患者用單手來拿取、清潔、與收納導尿管。擺位平台則可用來固定患者陰莖,使患者能用單手將導尿管插入尿道。經過適當的衛教,患者逐漸熟練使用輔具來執行間歇性導尿,使餘尿量有效降至20mL以下。即便坐在輪椅上,該患者仍能順利完成執行間歇性導尿,並順利出院接受門診追蹤與治療。臨床上,輔具可以幫助患者將剩餘的運動功能更有效率地發揮,代償失去的運動功能。在此案例,輔具的概念與效益延伸到生理機能障礙的緩解,使患者避免生理功能障礙的併發症,並獲得更好的生活品質與心理社會功能。

並列摘要


A 37-year-old male suffered from hemorrhagic stroke with left side hemiplegia and neurogenic bladder. On admission, due to post-renal acute renal failure with hydronephrosis, he received indwelling catheterization but felt very uncomfortable. However, he was physically unable to perform clean intermittent catheterization (CIC) due to his hemiplegia. Two novel devices were designed to help him perform CIC using one side of his body. As in our experience with this case, hemiplegic patients may now be able to perform CIC by themselves to achieve adequate bladder drainage using one-sided limbs under the assistance of the novel orthoses.

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