監督運動訓練對50歲以上社區居民健康相關體適能的影響

本研究強調監督下的有氧運動訓練對社區老年居民體適能的影響。我們納入76位50歲以上的社區住民完成8週的世代醫學研究。實驗開始後每週提示所有參與者每天需步行大於8000步，並以智慧手錶記錄每天的步行數目，之後平均一星期的每日步數，代表該週的每日步行數。其中39位社區住民被隨機分配到監督運動訓練組（supervised exercise training），37位被隨機分配到居家運動訓練組（home exercise training）。監督運動訓練組受測者於進入研究後的一星期內，在醫療人員監督下，在8週內進行24次的踩腳踏車有氧運動訓練（每週3次，每次30分鐘），運動強度為70%最大預測心率。我們會評估所有受測者在試驗進行前、與8週後的2分鐘踏步步數、5次坐站耗費的時間、小腿肚圍、握力、身體組成（包括體脂肪相對體重百分率、與骨骼肌肉對全身瘦肉組織百分率）。我們發現居家運動訓練組受測者8週平均每日至少步行8000步的百分率，在女性為47.6%，男性為44.3%。監督運動訓練組受測者，在女性高達81.0%，男性為77.1%。監督運動訓練組社區住民在進行8週的有氧運動訓練後，男性（p=0.034）與女性（p＜0.001）居民的骨骼肌肉對全身瘦肉組織百分率顯著增加，與女性居民的體脂量顯著減少（p＜0.001）。女性居家運動訓練組社區住民的握力在追蹤8週後顯著下降（p=0.019）。兩組間相比，發現監督運動訓練組的女性社區住民在8週後5次坐站耗費的時間顯著（p=0.044）低於同性居家運動訓練組受測者。從上述結果可以推論，監督運動訓練有助於改善50歲以上社區住民的運動黏著度，改善身體組成，進而促進他們的肌肉適能。

關鍵字

有氧運動（aerobic exercise）；肌力（muscle strength）；身體組成（body compositions）；體適能（physical fitness）

並列摘要

Effects of supervised aerobic exercise training on physical fitness in aging community residents were highlighted in the study. 76 community-dwellers aged ＞ 50 years who completed an 8-week cohort study were included. All participants were instructed to walk ≥ 8000 steps per day (stp/d) and wore a smart watch to record the every-day step amount. The average number of everyday step amount in a week was used as the mean walking steps per day in a week. Among them, 39 participants were randomized to the supervised exercise training (SET) and 37 were allocated to the home exercise training (HET) groups. The SET participants underwent 24 sessions (3 times a week and 30 min/session) of supervised cycling training at the intensity of 70% of the maximum predicted heart rate within one week after entering the study. We assessed2-min step count to estimate the maximal oxygen consumption (e VO_(2max)), 5-time sit-to-stand duration to predict lower extremity muscle strength, normalized body fat mass (nBFM), normalized skeletal muscle mass (nSKM), calf circumference to reflect lower extremity skeletal muscle mass, and handgrip strength in all participants at baseline and the end of follow-up. The SET participants had a significant greater (p＜0.05) chance (female/male=81.0%/77.1%) to walk ≥ 8000 stp/d than the HET participants female/male=47.6%/44.3%). Significant increases of nSKM in both female (p＜0.001) and male (p=0.043) were observed after completing SET. A significant decrease (p=0.019) of nBFM was observed in female SET participants at the end of follow-up. In the female SET participants, the 5-time sit-to-stand duration significantly decreased (p=0.044) after 8-week of follow-up. In conclusion, SET facilitates exercise adherence to change body composition, which further improvs muscular fitness in communitydwellers age over 50 years.

並列關鍵字

aerobic exercise ； muscle strength ； body compositions ； physical fitness

參考文獻

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