Changing Recreational Emphasis and the Loss of 'Natural Experiences' in Protected Areas: An Issue that Deserves Consideration, Dialogue, and Investigation

保護區遊憩重點之變遷與自然體驗之損失：值得考量、對話與調查之議題

David Newsome ； Carol Lacroix

《觀光休閒學報》 17卷2期 (2011/08) Pp. 315-334

https://doi.org/10.6267/JTLS.2011.17(2)9

摘要

保護區提供逃離沉重城市環境與提供人們享受與學習未受開發或者人類活動宰制之自然之機會。自然景觀與保護區之真實性、自然聲貌與視覺舒適之價值業已逐漸受到過度壅擠、一般與傳統利用之衝擊、不當與不受認可活動，以及保護區用於事件與運動活動興起之危害。令人疑義地，近年來保護區允許運動活動與事件興起係為最為重大之發展。前述活動包含冒險競賽與賽跑事件。前述活動涉及保護區之強度利用與大量民眾，並且在於健康促進與戶外鑑賞之偽裝之下構成一股持續增強之潮流。人們為求視覺之舒適性、免於噪音、汙染與擁擠到訪自然地區。眾多事件並未與此價值一致。我們需要對於保護區之適當利用持續增加對話。我們是否需要再度檢視保護區創設之原始目的？假若增加自然地區在於冒險競賽之利用與競爭型運動事件之潮流持續增加，我們給予一般大眾與保護區遊客哪些訊息？我們評估不會提升荒野感受、真實與未受破壞之自然體驗之適切使用係屬重要。

關鍵字

自然體驗 ； 冒險觀光 ； 運動事件 ； 環境衝擊 ； 保護區

並列摘要

Protected areas provide an escape from oppressive urban environments and provide opportunities for people to enjoy and learn about nature that has not been exploited or dominated by human activity. The value of natural landscape and protected areas in terms of their authenticity, natural soundscapes and visual amenity is being increasingly compromised by overcrowding, the impacts of normal and traditional use, inappropriate and non-approved activities and the rise of protected area use for events and sporting activities.Arguably the most significant development in recent years is the rise of approved sporting activity and events in protected areas. These activities include adventure races and running events. They often involve intensive use of a protected area and large numbers of people and constitute an increasing trend under the guise of health promotion and outdoor appreciation. People visit natural areas for visual amenity, to be free from noise, pollution and overcrowding. Many such events are not consistent with these values.We need an increasing dialogue on the appropriate use of protected areas. Do we need to re-visit the original purpose of protected area designation? What message are we giving the general public and protected area visitors if the trend towards increasing use of natural areas for adventure racing and competitive sporting events continues? It is important that we evaluate the appropriateness of uses that do not promote a sense of the wild, authentic and unspoiled natural experiences.

並列關鍵字

natural experiences ； adventure tourism ； sporting events ； environmental impacts ； protected areas