列項實驗與網路調查之結合：臺灣民衆對同性戀民代接受程度的探究

Combining List Experiment and Internet Survey: Analysis of Taiwanese People's Attitudes toward Acceptance of Homosexual Legislators

楊光(Guang Yang) ； 鄭琹尹(Chin-yin Cheng)

《選舉研究》 26卷2期 (2019/11) Pp. 23-51

https://doi.org/10.6612/tjes.201911_26(2).0002

摘要

同性戀者人權及同性婚姻行政程序涉及國家重要政策，相關的討論在各領域也獲得不少關注。以往臺灣研究同性戀的文章常以質化方法進行，近年開始從量化、民調的研究途徑著力。然而對不少民眾來說同性戀仍屬於較為敏感的議題，故受訪時可能為了迎合社會規範而不願表達真實意見，致使同性戀觀感的民意調查結果與實際情況產生落差。故本文結合列項實驗與網路調查，通過列項問題更準確地了解臺灣民眾對同性戀民代的接受程度，並藉由比較列項問題與直接問題之結果，檢測同性戀議題在民調時是否存在社會期望偏誤；最後利用列項問題檢視過往研究中影響同性戀接受程度的因素，在今日臺灣是否仍發揮著影響力。分析結果顯示：（一）受訪民眾對同性戀接受程度超過七成；（二）直接與間接問法在同性戀接受比例上無統計之顯著差異，亦即受訪民眾對同性戀的態度未因社會壓力而扭曲；（三）個人特質、宗教信仰與政黨認同等因素，仍影響著今日民眾對於同性戀的態度。

關鍵字

列項實驗 ； 網路調查 ； 敏感議題 ； 社會期望偏誤 ； 同性戀

並列摘要

Homosexual rights and recognition of same-sex marriage involve important national policies and have received great attention from various fields. Due to the sensitivity of homosexual issues, previous studies have adopted qualitative approaches to addressing homosexual issues. Survey methods and polls open the door for these kinds of sensitive issues. Yet, facing the pressure of social norms, interviewees may hide their true opinions on homosexual issues, which leads to the accuracy problem of polling. Thus, we combined list experiment and internet survey and tried to figure out the acceptance of homosexuality in Taiwan. The data showed that the acceptance of homosexuality among Taiwanese is more than 70%. By comparing the percentages of acceptance in direct and indirect questions, we found that most of answers given by the respondents are independent and undistorted under social pressure. Also, personality, religious factors and party identification still play important roles on the acceptance of homosexuality in Taiwan.

並列關鍵字

list experiment ； internet survey ； sensitive issues ； social desirability bias ； homosexuality

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