論板書在現代多媒體課堂中的應用優勢與展望

A Study of the Application Advantage and Prospect of the Writing on the Blackboard in the Modern Multimedia Classroom

顏進雄(Jinn-Shyong Yan)

《花蓮教育大學學報》 25期 (2007/10) Pp. 157-176

摘要

板書與多媒體之間，一般都以為二者的相容性不高，因為在操作多媒體時為求視覺上的清晰，幾乎都會在開啟單槍進行投影的同時，關閉教室燈光，以免影響投射效果，而如此一來，就不容易、甚至根本無法同時進行板書書寫。
然而，隨著電腦的日益普及，大量的新科技手段引入了課堂教學，昔日一些枯燥抽象、難以理解的教學內容，都可以通過多媒體技術生動形象地直接展現在學生面前，因而多媒體技術在課堂教學中越來越受到青睞，而傳統的粉筆板書、板圖、板畫卻被忽視，大有鼠標替代粉筆的趨勢。然而，尺有所短，寸有所長，板書也能在現代課堂展現出許多多媒體所無法完成的任務。多數學生對電腦多媒體輔助教學的優點雖持肯定態度，但存在弊病也不容忽視，如教師的課件信息表現形式單一、師生之間缺少交流、機器故障上課停擺、學生較不願意作筆記等，這些都是在多媒體運用中尚待面對的問題與挑戰。
本文由當前教育現場對多媒體運用之迷思起論，進而從教學的「設備、操作面」、「認知、授業面」與「情感、薰陶面」等三個面向來分析板書在教學上具有相較於多媒體的諸多優越性，包括︰準備活動中較多媒體更為單純省時；硬體成本低、易於普及；操作較多媒體簡便；提供學童更大的思考、創意空間；具有多媒體所無法取代的書寫教學示範性；可維持較長時間之視覺注意；具有即時、靈活的訊息補充功能；可降低學生視覺與聽覺上的疲勞；滿足學生上台的書寫表現慾望；具有培養文字審美藝術方面的功能；有利於使學生上課作筆記；有利交融師生間的學習情感；具有教師人格特質（教風與治學精神）的潛移默化薰陶功能、有利於情意教育等等。
論文的最後，針對兩者的優缺點提出一些互補性的教學建議，並展望板書有其不可取代的價值意義，提供學術界參考。

關鍵字

板書 ； 多媒體 ； 標準字 ； 粉筆 ； 黑板 ； 寫字教學

並列摘要

Between the writing on the blackboard and multimedia, did not generally all think the compatibility of the two was high, because in order to ask the clarity on the vision while operating the multimedia, will nearly all be while opening the single rifle and carrying on projection, close the light of the classroom, so as not to influence the result of throwing, and thus, it is difficult, even unable to write the writing on the blackboard at the same time at all.
However, with the popularization day by day of the computer, a large number of new scientific and technological means have introduced the classroom instruction, the uninteresting and abstract content of courses difficult to understand a little in the more past, can spread out before student directly vividly through the multimedia technology, therefore multimedia technology favor among classroom instruction, but traditional chalk writing on the blackboard, board picture, board is it ignore to draw, have much trends that mice substitutes the chalk. However, chi are short to some extent, an inch has length, the writing on the blackboard can show the task that a lot of multimedia can't finish in the modern classroom too. Most students hold a definite attitude to the advantage of auxiliary teaching of computer multimedia, but can't be ignored either if the disadvantage exists, if courseware of teacher information form of expression single, teachers and students is it exchange to lack, mechanical disorder have a class stop, more unwilling to take notes etc. student, all these are question and challenge waiting to face in the multimedia is used.
The theory has arisen to the myth that the multimedia used by the present educational scene in this text, and then from teaching ' equipment, it operate surface', 'cognition, impart knowledge' with' emotion, smoke the pottery', etc. three orientations come it analyse there aren't writing on the blackboard, including: Save time more simply more than the multimedia in the warming-up exercise; The hardware is with low costs, easy to popularize; It is simple and convenient to relatively operate the multimedia; Offer greater thinking, intention space to pupils; The ones that have multimedia and can't be replaced write teaching demonstratively; Can maintain the more long-time vision and notice; Instant, flexible information supplements the function; Can reduce the fatigue on student's vision and sense of hearing; The ones that met students and appeared on the stage wrote the desire of displaying; Have function of training aesthetic art of the characters; Help to make students take notes on class; Favorable study emotion that blends among teachers and students; Have teacher's personality specialities (Teach the spirit with pursuing scholarly work of wind) Imperceptibly influence not smoking Tao function, benefitted by affection education.
The end of the thesis, put forward some complementary teaching suggestions to the pluses and minuses of the two, expect there is its value meaning that can't replace in the writing on the blackboard, offer the academia to consult.

並列關鍵字

Writing on the blackboard ； multimedia ； standard word ； chalk ； blackboard ； write teaching