Escherichia coli O157感染及其致病分子機轉

Infection with Escherichia coli O157 and Its Molecular Mechanisms

陳星宇(Hsing-Yu Chen) ； 詹明錦(Ming-Chin Chan) ； 孫俊仁(Jun-Ren Sun)

《感染控制雜誌》 21卷6期 (2011/12) Pp. 323-331

https://doi.org/10.6526/ICJ.201112_21(6).0002

摘要

大腸桿菌Escherichia coli O 157在世界各地導致人類嚴重的疾病。E. coli O 157對於生長的環境具溫度範圍很廣，以牛隻為帶菌者。最常見的傳染途徑是食用受汙染的肉製品，或其他受牛隻產生的廢水而汙染的食物導致感染。E. coli O 157內含志賀毒素（Shiga toxin, Stx），此毒素為種效強力大的細胞毒素，也是造成出血性大腸炎（hemorrhagic colitis , Hc）與溶血尿毒徵候群（hemolytic uremic syndrome, HUS）的主因。目前治療E. coli O 157：H7感染只能使用支持療法。本篇文章介紹E. coli O 157：H7的來源、傳染途徑與毒力因子及與2011年歐洲爆發E. coli O 104：H4之比較。因為此感染症藉由糞－口傳染的途徑很多，所以我們藉由一些方法阻隔傳染途徑，如牛奶要先消毒、水經氯氣處理、吃煮熟的食物與常洗手，即可避免感染。

關鍵字

大腸桿菌 ； 志賀毒素

並列摘要

Escherichia coli O157 is a pathogen that causes severe disease in humans worldwide. The organism adapts to a wide variety of conditions. Healthy cattle serve as a reservoir for E. coli O157, and bovine food products, produce, and dairy products contaminated with bovine waste are the most common sources for disease outbreaks. Shiga toxin, a potent cytotoxin, is the major virulence factor linked with the presentation of both hemorrhagic colitis and hemolytic uremic syndrome. Currently, the treatment of E. coli O157: H7 infections is limited to supportive care. This article describes the source, transmission, and virulence factors of E. coli O157:H7. We also compare it with E. coli O104:H4 from the 2011 European outbreak. Because fecal-to-oral transmission occurs by many routes, there is a need for barriers, such as milk pasteurization, water chlorination, cooking food, and hand washing, to prevent infection.

並列關鍵字

Escherichia coli O157 ； Shiga toxin