Research and Development of Wood/Plastic Composite Materials (Ⅲ) Properties of Microcellularly Foamed Wood/PVC Composites

木材／塑膠複合材料之研究與開發(Ⅲ)微細發泡之木材／聚氯乙烯複合物之特性

彭武財(W. T. Peng) ； 陳玉秀(Yuh-Shiow Chen) ； 黃彥三(Yan-San Huang)

《台灣林業科學》 11卷1期 (1996/03) Pp. 53-66

https://doi.org/10.7075/TJFS.199603.0053

摘要

本研究主要在檢討以不同大小之木材粒片作為發泡聚氯乙烯聚合物之增強或填充材料，以押擠成形法模製出微細發泡複合物之可行性。粒片之大小及其含木率對於其特性之影響以至其泡沫構造之形態亦加以評估之。
1．依照此試驗所設定之條件，其可發泡之複合物之含木率極限為約30%。
2．製成的複合板條既輕且強韌，並帶有令人驚訝之木理感觸。
3．由成品板條之橫切面視之，木粒片與發泡聚合物之膠合至為密和，若從縱切面視之，發現甚多泡沫缺陷。
4．含木率之增加降低了抗彎強度及抗彎彈性率至為顯著。此現象似與木材與聚合物界面之泡沫缺陷數有關。
5．增加含木率，其木螺絲釘保持力及保釘力呈直線減低，而較大木粒對該兩力有較顯著之貢獻。
6．10個星期之浸水結果，由較小粒片所複合之板條其吸水率較高，反之亦反。此似與泡沫缺陷數有關。因該缺陷在閉孔型發泡複合物中形成水分之傳走小徑。
7．同樣浸水結果，聚氯乙烯之厚度收縮約為3%，而各複合物之厚度膨脹則小於2%。粒片大小對厚度之膨脹似無明確之影響。
8．發泡聚氯乙烯聚合物加入不同大小之木粒片可以產出一種帶有美麗花樣之木理感觸，但無補強效果。

關鍵字

微細發泡複合物 ； 泡沫缺陷 ； 發泡聚氯乙烯 ； 擠壓成形 ； 泡沬形態

並列摘要

The feasibility of different wood particles as the reinforcing or the filling materials for foamed PVC to produce microcellularly foamed composites by extrusion was investigated. The effects of particle size and wood content on the various properties including the morphology of foamed cell structures were also evaluated.
1. Maximum foamable composites were found to be around 30% wood content based on the prescription set for this experiment.
2. The board strips produced were light in weight, tough and flexible in nature and had a marvellous wood grain feeling in different patterns.
3. Microcellularly foamed PVC matrix bonded strongly with wood particles, but developed some cell flaws at the interfaces of longitudinal cells due to the unsynchronized setting of extruding and pulling rates.
4. Flexural strength and elasticity decreased significantly with increasing wood content. The amount of cell flaws per unit area of composites could be the key factor causing this.
5. Screw holding and nail withdrawal resistance decreased nearly linearly with increasing wood content. The composites with larger wood particles exhibited better holding and resistance properties.
6. The composites with smaller wood particles absorbed more water while these with larger particle absorbed less. The cell flaws seemed to act as water paths in these dosed-cell type composites.
7. Pure PVC strips shrank approximately 3% of their thickness whereas strips of wood particle composites swelled less than 2% after 10 weeks of immersion. There were no or unclear effects of particle size on thickness swelling.
8. The use of various-sized wood particles could produce a type of foamed plastic composite boards possessing different and beautiful patterns with a wood grain feeling, but with no reinforcing characteristics.

並列關鍵字

microcellularly foamed composite ； cell flaws ； foamed PVC ； extrusion ； cell morphology