台灣泡桐花粉發芽與試管內授粉

Pollen Germination and in vitro Pollination of Paulownia x taiwaniana

何政坤(Cheng-Kuen Ho) ； 張淑華(Shu-Hwa Chang) ； 陳振榮(Zeng-Zong Chen) ； 蔡錦瑩(Jin-Yin Tsai)

《台灣林業科學》 13卷2期 (1998/06) Pp. 127-138

https://doi.org/10.7075/TJFS.199806.0127

摘要

台灣泡桐花粉的發芽率隨著花苞的發育而提高，同時對蔗糖濃度需求也呈現差異。當休眠花苞突破休眠而抽長至30mm長時，花粉開始具有發芽力，且必須在含有蔗糖的BK培養液才能發芽。當花苞開放後，花粉則可在含或不含有蔗糖的BK培養液中發芽，且發芽率高達95%。開花時期尚未裂開的花藥經表面消毒後，可獲得同樣高發芽率的無菌花粉，可作為試管內授粉之用。胎座授粉是在花開期的4核胚囊，而雌蕊授粉的發育期為2核胚囊。經授粉結果顯示：授粉雌蕊培養在不添生長激素的MS培養基，可使雌蕊內25%的胎座受精，但受精胚的形成率以培養在MS培養基添加0.5mg/l zeatin與0.5mg/l IAA的胎座最好，每個胎座可獲得100個受精胚。而胎座授粉，則僅有培養在不添加生長激素的MS培養基有12.5％的胎座受精，每胎座僅2.7個受精胚。

關鍵字

台灣泡桐 ； 試管內授粉 ； 花粉發芽

並列摘要

Pollen germination rate of P. x taiwaniana increased as flower buds elongated and bloomed but varied as sucrose concentrations changed. Pollen germinated when flower buds grew up to 30 mm long, however, at this stage sucrose was required in the BK germination medium. When flowers had bloomed thoroughly, 95% of the pollen germinated in BK medium with or without sucrose. Aseptic pollen grains from surface-sterilized anthers of blooming flowers were used to pollinate onto in vitro placentae and stigmas of pistils. As to development stage, embryo sacs used for in vitro pistil pollination were at the 2-cell stage, while those for in vitro placenta pollination were at the 4-cell stage. For in vitro pistil pollination, 25% of placentae within pistils formed zygotic embryos in MS medium without plant growth regulators, but the greatest number of embryos, at about 100 embryos per placenta, were obtained in MS medium containing 0.5 mg/l zeatin and 0.5 mg/l IAA. In vitro placenta pollination produced much lower embryo formation when compared to in vitro pistil pollination. Only 12.5% of placentae cultured in MS medium without plant growth regulators could form 2.7 embryos.

並列關鍵字

in vitro pollination ； Paulownia x taiwanian ； pollen germination