Effect of Stratification and Drying on the Germination and Storage of Prunus campanulata Seeds

山櫻花種子層積與乾燥處理對發芽與儲藏之效應

簡慶德(Ching-Te Chien) ； 陳舜英(Shun-Ying Chen) ； 楊正釧(Jeng-Chuann Yang)

《台灣林業科學》 17卷4期 (2002/12) Pp. 413-420

https://doi.org/10.7075/TJFS.200212.0413

摘要

山櫻花種子已知具有形態和生理之雙重性休眠，利用暖低溫組合層積處理能打破種子休眠，促進發芽。通常這種打破休眠處理是種子乾藏後在播種前進行。本文旨在評估打破休眠處理能否用於山櫻花種子乾藏之前，使這個已無休眠的種子能被儲藏利用。第一個處理方法是將新鮮採收的種子在30/20℃或25/15℃變溫下層積6 wk，接著乾燥成3個不同的含水率（4.8-5.3%，11.6-11.8%和16.3-17.1%），然後在-20℃或5℃下儲藏3-12 mo，播種前種子需再混合濕水苔進行低溫層積8 wk；第二個處理方法是將新鮮種子先進行6 wk之30-20℃或25/15℃變溫層積，接著8 wk之5℃低溫層積，在完全打破休眠後進行乾燥儲藏，其儲藏的種子直接取出進行發芽試驗。評估標凖爲種子發芽和平均發芽時間(MGT)。研究結果顯示無論第一個或第二個處理方法，種子在-20℃或5℃儲藏12 mo後皆可維持70%以上的發芽率，然而第一個處理方法之種子平均發芽時間減少，且發芽整齊而迅速。本研究有關處理的種子的儲藏後發芽率稍有降低的原因，文中有詳細討論。

關鍵字

山櫻花 ； 種子休眠 ； 種子層積與乾燥 ； 種子發芽與儲藏

並列摘要

Seeds of Prunus campanulata are known for their morphological and physiological dormancy which can be broken by a combination of warm and cold stratification. This treatment is usually applied after storage and before sowing. The goal of this study was to evaluate the effectiveness of dormancy-breaking treatment before storage of Prunus campanulata seeds. Two treatment procedures were proposed. The first one involved warm stratification of freshly collected seeds at 30/20℃ or 25/15℃ for 6 wk, followed by drying to 3 mo is ture contents (4.8-5.3%, 11.6-11.8% and 16.3-17.1%) and storage at -20℃ or 5℃ for 3-12 mo. Stored seeds were mixed with sphagnum and stratified at 5℃ for 8 wk before germination test. The second one involved warm stratification at 30/20℃ for 6 wk followed by cold stratification at 5℃ for 8 wk for dormancy breaking, and then drying to 2 seed moisture contents (5.2 and 16.3%) for storage at -20℃ or 5℃ for 3-12 mo. Stored seeds were tested directly for germination. Evaluation criteria used were the germination percentage and mean germination time (MGT). The result showed that seeds stored at -20℃ or 5℃ for 12 mo maintained 70% germination or above with the 2 treatment procedures. However, the first treatment procedure reduced MGT and enhanced the uniformity of germination. A possible cause for the reduced seed germination percent age during storage is discussed.

並列關鍵字

Prunus campanulata ； seed dormancy ； seed stratification and drying ； seed germination and storage.