- 期刊
- OpenAccess
牛樟之組織培養
In Vitro Culture of Cinnamomum Kanehirae Hay
摘要
本試驗成功的建立牛樟之胚培養與微體繁殖技術。培養未成熟胚（子葉成長到佔種子體積75%以上）或成熟胚，可使胚不需經過休眠，而100%在試管中發芽成苗，大幅縮短育苗時間。以來自母樹萌蘗之8年生營養系苗爲材料，取正要突破休眠的春芽與夏季之頂芽與側芽進行培養，結果以春芽的存活率與新芽生長率最佳。多芽體誘導最佳之培養基爲WPM添加2-6mg/L BA，而抽長芽體之發根培養基爲WPM添加0.5-1 mg/L IBA。由於芽體經長期培養會産生褐化現象，在培養基中添加3.2g/L的PVP可減輕褐化。營養系苗與1年生種子苗芽體之最佳多芽體誘導與發根培養基均相同，但種子苗之芽體增殖率較高、發根期短，且不會發生褐化現象。營養系苗與組培苗經田間栽殖兩個月，存活率均高達90%以上。來自種子苗與營養系苗之組培苗在直立主幹與樹幹分叉數等樹形表現均比扦插營養系苗佳。
並列摘要
For this study, we established the embryo culture and micropropagation of Cinnamomum Kanehirae. The seeds of C. Kanehirae were in itinlly dormant. However, all embryos isolated from both mature seeds and immature seeds which had a cotyledon volume larger than 75%of the interior seed could germinate in vitro within 2 wk. This can shorten the period in the seeding nursery and save mature fruits from being eaten by birds. Spring buds at the stage ready to burst from dormancy and shoot explants in summer were collected from 8-yr-old clones of C. Kanehirae that had been vegetatively propagated from coppice shoots of wild trees. The explants derived from the spring buds had higher survival rates and in vitro shoot formation than those from summer. WPM medium containing 2-6mg/LBA was the best for in ducing more shoots, while WPM medium containing 0.5-1 mg/L IBA was the best for rooting shoots. However, shoot cultures would turn brown after continuous sub culturing for more than 3 months. This could be overcome by adding 3.2 g/L PVP to the medium. The media for shoot induction and root formation for clonal plants proved to have the same effectiveness as that used in seeding-derived cultures. However, the cultures derived from seedlings had greater shoot multiplication rates, shorter rooting periods, and no subcultures which turned brown. In the field test, the survival rates of clonal plants and tissue culture plants derived from both clonal plants and seedlings were greater than 90%. Tissue culture plants had better tree forms in terms of an erect stem and fork-stemnumbers than did the rooted cuttings of clones.