天然闊葉林與檳榔園穿落雨空間分佈特性之研究

Spatial Distribution Characteristics of Throughfall in a Natural Hardwood Forest and Betel Palm Plantation

盧惠生(Hui-Sheng Lu) ； 林壯沛(Jaung-Pey Lin) ； 黃良鑫(Liang-Shin Hwang) ； 胡蘇澄(Su-Cherng Hu) ； 陸象豫(Shiang-Yue Lu)

《台灣林業科學》 18卷2期 (2003/06) Pp. 131-142

https://doi.org/10.7075/TJFS.200306.0131

摘要

本研究於南投縣魚池鄉蓮華池分所的天然闊葉林、檳榔園及空曠地建立試區，每個試區設置81個簡易雨量筒，量測穿落雨空間分佈特性。顯示大承雨口徑20cm時，穿落雨的空間分佈平均變異係數，檳榔園(0.65)最大，天然闊葉林(0.24)次之，空曠地(0.017)極小，小承雨口徑11.8cm時，穿落雨的空間分佈平均變異係數，檳榔園(0.75)最大，天然闊葉林(0.23)次之，空曠地(0.006)極小。不論大、小承雨口徑量測穿落雨空間分佈，天然闊葉林及檳榔壞園穿落雨空間分佈頗為零亂而不均，但檳榔園穿落雨的空間分佈比天然闊葉林穿落雨的空間分佈更為不均，其與樹冠密度的關係並不明顯，空曠地降雨空間分佈甚為均勻。檳榔園與天然闊葉林穿落雨的標準偏差具有比例效應，且檳榔園穿落雨的比例效應大於天然闊葉林。但如僅知穿落雨空間分佈的平均值，則可由穿落雨的平均值與林外雨量的關係式推估。以20cm承雨口徑量測穿落雨，降雨量小於100mm時，天然闊葉林的穿落雨約81.5%，檳榔園的穿落雨約518%；降雨量大於100mm時，天然闊葉林的穿落雨約90.2%，檳榔園的穿落雨約56.9%。

關鍵字

穿落雨 ； 檳榔 ； 天然闊葉林

並列摘要

Throughfall plots ma natural hardwood forest, betel palm plantation, and open area were established in this study. Each plot contained 8l simple throughfall gages to measure the spatial distribution of throughfall. The average coefficients of variation of throughfall in the betel palm plantation, natural hardwood forest, and open area were 0.65, 0.24, and 0.017, respectively, for gages with an orifice diameter of 20 cm, and were 0.75, 0.23, and 0.006, respectively, for gages with an orifice diameter of 11.8 cm For both the betel palm plantation and the natural hardwood forest, the spatial distributions of throughfall were rather uneven, but it was more uneven in the betel palm plantation than in the natural hardwood forest. There were no clear relationships between the spatial distribution of throughfall and canopy density of trees for either the betel palm plantation or the natural hardwood forest. The spatial distribution of rain fall of the open area was rather even. Standard errors of throughfall in the betel palm plantation and natural hardwood forest showed proportional effects with their means. The proportional effect of the betel palm plantation was larger than that of the natural hard wood forest. The means of the spatial distribution of through fall in the betel palm plantation and natural hardwood forest could be estimated from rainfall in the open area using regression equations. Based on calculations of throughfall for gages with an orifice diameter of 20 cm, throughfall amounts in the natural hardwood forest and betel palm plantation for rain fall of less than 100 mm were 81.5 and 51.8%, respectively, and those for rainfall of greater than 100 mm were 90.2 and 56.9%, respectively, of the amount falling on the open area.

並列關鍵字

through fall ； betel palm ； natural hardwood forest