台灣北部繁殖鳥類之海拔分布型態

Elevational Gradients in Breeding Birds in Northern Taiwan

葛兆年(Chao-Nien Koh) ； 李培芬(Pei-Fen Lee)

《台灣林業科學》 18卷4期 (2003/12) Pp. 349-361

https://doi.org/10.7075/TJFS.200312.0349

摘要

本研究探討台灣北部陸域繁殖鳥類沿海拔梯度的變化型態。在台灣北部陸域海拔7.7至3,423m的101個樣點，調查所得之繁殖鳥類密度資料，以降趨對應分析(DCA)及群集分析結果，將台灣北部陸域繁殖鳥類分為6個群聚。海拔梯度為決定群聚類型的重要因子。中海拔的兩群聚在鳥種數及多樣性指標皆顯著大於高與低海拔群聚，顯示中海拔鳥類群聚的種類豐富度及多樣性較高。在涵括3,400m的海拔梯度上，鳥種豐富度在中海拔出現高峰，往高、低海拔逐漸下降。分布中點愈靠近海拔兩端的鳥種，其海拔幅寬愈小；海拔幅寬較大的鳥種，其分布中點較靠近海拔梯度的中間帶，故支持以mid-domain effect來解釋台灣北部繁殖鳥類種豐富度的駝型分布。

關鍵字

台灣 ； 鳥類群聚 ； 海拔梯度 ； 種豐富度 ； 多樣性

並列摘要

Patterns of breeding birds along an elevational gradient were investigated in northern Taiwan. According to DCA and cluster analysis, 101 sampling sites of breeding birds were clustered into 6 communities from 7.7 to 3,423 m of elevation. The elevational gradient is an important factor in determining the community types. Two mid-elevation communities had higher species number and diversity index, reflecting that they have higher species richness and diversity than those of low or high elevations. Along the 3,400-m elevational gradient, species richness peaked at intermediate elevations and declined toward either high or low elevations. Species with midpoints closer to high or low elevations had smaller elevational ranges, while species with correspondingly larger elevational ranges had midpoints increasingly nearer the central portion of the elevational gradient. The hump-shaped distribution of species richness along the elevational gradient, with a peak at intermediate elevations, can be explained by the mid-domain effect.

並列關鍵字

Taiwan ； bird community ； elevational gradient ； species richness ； diversity