冠羽畫眉(Yuhina brunneiceps)族群密度之空間結構及其與環境之關係

冠羽畫眉為廣泛分佈於台灣中至高海拔地區的特有種烏類。為瞭解冠羽畫眉在空間及環境分佈上的特性，本研究調查台灣北部141個樣點的冠羽畫眉族群密度，並蒐集各樣點的環境及空間變數。利用空間相關分析及空間迴歸分析等方法，瞭解冠羽畫眉族群密度在空間上的相關性及結構等特性，應用淨迴歸分析檢視空間結構與環境變數的關係，並分析環境變數對冠羽畫眉族群密度的影響。研究結果發現冠羽畫眉族群為叢聚分佈，越靠近的樣點有越相似的族群密度。冠羽畫眉族群密度在空間上的結構可能為傾斜式的梯度型態。人口密度、網格最高海拔高度、寒冷月份（11~3月）總降雨量及自然度指標等4項為最重要環境變數，且其空間結構與大部份的冠羽畫眉族群密度空間結構共有，因此人口密度等4項環境變數可以對冠羽畫眉族群密度空間結構做良好的解釋。人口密度及自然度指標代表人類干擾，與冠羽畫眉族群密度有較密切關係。相對於環境機制，生物機制所可能產生的影響較小。

關鍵字

空間結構；氣候；干擾；變異分割；冠羽畫眉

並列摘要

Yuhina brunneiceps, an endemic Taiwanese bird species, is commonly found in regions of mid to high elevations. In order to better understand the spatial and environmental characteristics of its inhabitation, spatially distinctive populations were surveyed and examined from 141 sites in northern Taiwan. We analyzed the spatial correlation and structure of Yuhina brunneiceps population densities, and identified specific environmental variables important and attributable to the population. Yuhina brunneiceps populations were shown to have a clumped distribution. Moreover, a spatial correlogram revealed that the closer sites were to one another, the higher were the similarities of the densities themselves. A gradient profile was implied by this spatial structure. Of the environmental variables measured, the maximum elevation within 1×1-km grid, the total precipitation from November to March, the human population density, and a naturalness index were most important and commonly shared in the spatial structure. Interestingly, the latter 2 variables that are representative of human disturbance appeared to have stronger relations with the magnitude of the density than the other 2. By contrast, biological processes might be less influential in this aspect.

並列關鍵字

spatial structure ； climate ； disturbance ； variance partitioning ； Yuhina brunneiceps

國際替代計量

冠羽畫眉(Yuhina brunneiceps)族群密度之空間結構及其與環境之關係

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