Decolorization Treatments of Paper Industry Effluents

紙業廢水之脫色處理研究

王益真(I-Chen Wang) ； 彭元興(Yuan-Shing Perng) ； 王國財(Kuo-Tsai Wang) ； 何振隆(Chen-Lung Ho)

《台灣林業科學》 21卷1期 (2006/03) Pp. 23-37

https://doi.org/10.7075/TJFS.200603.0023

摘要

製漿與造紙廠排放之廢水經常含有色質，最常見的是木質素碎片形成發色團，使廢水呈現黃褐色；製造色紙也常有殘留染料使廢水呈色。儘管廢水其餘參數均皆合格，廢水之顏色常令人有不潔淨之感，也因此導致環保抗爭問題。廢水脫色因此為亟待解決之困擾。本研究探討一些脫色方法期使紙業廢水潔淨無色，結果顯示廢水中之色質常因其粒徑微小不易凝集去除。以活性碳吸附或更為價廉的飛灰可吸附移除水中色質。薄膜處理採用阻隔分子量5000之超過濾薄膜可由漿廠及工業紙廠廢水中移除色質，濾液大體無色；部份色紙廢水亦可以超過濾處理獲得良好結果。高階氧化處理(AOP)應用於各有色液流得到混雜之結果；臭氧的脫色效果良好；高錳酸鉀則反應較慢，反應後形成氧化錳沉澱。大紅色紙廢水呈現抗性，不易去除。還原劑處理對木質素色質有去除效果但對廢水之染料常無效。大部份之處理法涉及高成本或殘留之環保影響。電化學方法如偶極化浮除處理可有效脫除大紅色紙白水；惟對漂白廢水脫色效果不著。

關鍵字

紙業廢水 ； 脫色處理 ； 吸附 ； 薄膜過濾 ； 高階氧化法

並列摘要

Pulp and paper mills emit effluents that are often tainted with color substances. Most often, lignin fragments form chromophores that impart a yellow-brown color to the effluent; making colored paper also causes residual dyestuffs to infuse the effluent with colors. Despite otherwise adequate effluent parameters, the color in effluents evokes a perception of uncleanness and often leads to environmental confrontations; thus this issue needs to be resolved. In this study, we explored several means of color removal from effluents. The results indicated that the colored substances in effluent were often difficult to agglomerate due to their small particle sizes, but adsorption using activated carbon and more cheaply, fly ash, could achieve good removal. Membrane treatment using ultrafiltration (UF) films with a molecular weight cut-off of 5000 Da could effectively remove colors from pulp mill and OCC mill effluents. Certain colored paper effluents could also be treated with good effect as well. The advanced oxidation processes (AOPs) applied to various effluents achieved mixed results, with red-dyed paper effluent showing strong resistance. Reductive treatments were effective against ligneous chromophores, but this was often not so for chemical dyestuffs. Most treatments entail high costs or residual environmental concerns. Electrochemical means including dipole induction and flocculation were found to be able to decolorize dye-stained white water, but was less effective toward the decolorization of bleaching effluent.

並列關鍵字

paper industry effluents ； decolorization ； adsorption ； membrane filtration ； advanced oxidation process