Seasonal Variation in the Foraging Behaviors of the Grey-cheeked Fulvetta due to Diet Changes in the Fushan Experimental Forest, Northeastern Taiwan

福山試驗林繡眼畫眉覓食行為之季節變化

陳炤杰(Chao-Chieh Chen) ； 周蓮香(Lien-Siang Chou)

《台灣林業科學》 26卷1期 (2011/03) Pp. 33-43

https://doi.org/10.7075/TJFS.201103.0033

摘要

本研究探討繡眼畫眉(Alcippe morrisonia)食性之季節變化是否會導致覓食行為的改變。我們比較林業試驗所福山試驗林繡眼畫眉在繁殖季與非繁殖季覓食行為及棲地利用之差異。結果發現攝食行為、食物類別、利用植層、棲枝大小及利用植株之物候等在繁殖季與非繁殖季間都具有顯著差異。繡眼畫眉在繁殖季使用較多樣化的攝食行為，取食較多節肢動物，較常在亞冠層，較高大的樹，但枝葉密度較稀疏處覓食。相對地，繡眼畫眉在非繁殖季時則使用較多以腳為動力的攝食行為，吃較多的植物性食物，且在較低矮的樹或灌叢外層覓食。另外，繡眼畫眉覓食行為上的季節變化也跟整個福山森林植物的物候變化吻合，繁殖季時利用較多具新葉的植株，而非繁殖季則偏向在結果的樹上覓食。整體來說，繡眼畫眉在繁殖季與非繁殖季在覓食行為上表現出顯著差異，而這樣的差異很可能導因於不同季節中環境可供繡眼畫眉利用的食物類別差異所致。本研究結果符合changing-availability假說，也可提供為動物在攝食策略上適應演化的實際例證。

關鍵字

Alcippe morrisonia ； 食性 ； 果實 ； 棲地 ； 植物物候

並列摘要

A seasonal change in the diet of the Grey-cheeked Fulvetta (Alcippe morrisonia) was found in a previous study. In this study, we investigated seasonal variations in the foraging behavior of the Grey-cheeked Fulvetta between breeding and non-breeding seasons in the Fushan Experimental Forest, northeastern Taiwan. Attack behaviors, food types, and habitat characteristics of foraging locations of the Grey-cheeked Fulvetta were recorded throughout a complete annual cycle. The results showed that seasonal variations of all aspects of foraging parameters were significant, including attack behavior, food type, vegetation level, perch size, and the phenology of plants used by the Grey-cheeked Fulvetta. During the breeding season, the Grey-cheeked Fulvetta made significantly more-diverse foraging maneuvers for insects, and more often foraged in the subcaopy of larger trees and in areas with sparser vegetation. On the contrary, the Grey-cheeked Fulvetta applied more leg-powered maneuvers for more plant matter at the outer parts of smaller trees or shrubs in the understory during the non-breeding season. The patterns of resource use paralleled phenological changes in the plant species, with more new leaves on trees upon which the Grey-cheeked Fulvetta foraged in the breeding season, and more fruit on trees in the non-breeding season. In conclusion, seasonal variations in foraging behaviors of the Grey-cheeked Fulvetta were significant and mainly attributed to diet changes between the breeding and non-breeding seasons. This study is in accordance with the changing-availability hypothesis and can provide empirical evidence for adaptive evolution of birds' foraging strategies.

並列關鍵字

Alcippe morrisonia ； diet ； fruit ； habitat ； phenology