Spatiotemporal Variations in Biomass Carbon Storage for Three Forest Management Regimes in Northeast China

不同森林經營措施下的森林植被碳儲量時空動態

王新闖(Xin-Chuang Wang) ； 齊光(Guang Qi) ； Bernard Joseph Lewis ； 於大砲(Da-Pao Yu) ； 周莉(Li Zhou) ； 齊麟(Lin Qi) ； 王玥(Yue Wang) ； 李國偉(Guo-Wei Li) ； 代力民(Li-Min Dai) ； 蘇東凱(Dong-Kai Su)

《台灣林業科學》 26卷1期 (2011/03) Pp. 44-58

https://doi.org/10.7075/TJFS.201103.0044

摘要

以中國東北的露水河林區為研究區，利用樣地調查資料建立了生物量－蓄積量模型，然後利用所建立的模型和露水河林區的森林資源調查數據估算了該林區1987、1995和2003年的植被碳儲量，並利用地理信息系統(GIS)對製作了植被碳儲量的空間分佈圖。我們基於所獲取的植被碳儲量空間分佈圖和經營分區圖利用GIS獲取了三個不同經營管理措施區域不同時間的碳儲量。結果顯示：露水河林區森林植被碳儲量和碳密度從1987年到1995年期間下降，而在1995年到2003年期間上升。這樣的森林植被碳儲量時間上的變化主要由同時期的中國林業政策的變化所導致。由於實施禁伐，重點公益林區天然林植被碳儲量和碳密度從1987到2003年之間呈現穩定上升；由於採伐量的下降，一般公益林區天然林植被碳儲量在1995到2003年間的下降量遠小於1987到1995年間的下降量；在商品林區，由於採伐量的下降致使區內天然林植被碳儲量在1995到2003年間的下降量小於1987到1995年間的植被碳儲量的下降量。在1987到2003年期間，三個經營區的人工林面積和植被碳儲量都持續增加。但在1995到2003年間，由於商品林區的速生人工林的面積和植被碳儲量遠大於一般公益林區，導致這期間商品林區的植被碳密度的下降量甚至小於一般公益林區。

關鍵字

森林植被碳儲量 ； 地理信息系統GIS ； 生物量估算 ； 林業政策 ； 管理措施

並列摘要

Forests, which account for 76~98% of terrestrial plant carbon and 2/3 of terrestrial carbon sequestration in the world every year, can store or release large amounts of carbon as a result of natural environmental variability and human activities. Quantifying the spatiotemporal dynamics of forest biomass carbon storage is important not only for understanding the role of forests in global warming but also in supporting decision-making processes in forest management. We established biomass-volume models utilizing investigation data of sample plots in the Luishuihe forest area of Northeast China. Based on the models and a forest resource inventory database, forest biomass carbon storage at Lushuihe in 1987, 1995, and 2003 was estimated and mapped in a geographic information system (GIS). The forest biomass carbon storage in areas with 3 different management regimes during different time periods was also obtained based on area maps and maps of carbon storage in the GIS. The results showed that both carbon storage and density first decreased between 1987 and 1995, and then increased between 1995 and 2003. Such temporal dynamics of forest biomass carbon storage corresponded well to changes in Chinese forest policies. Forest biomass carbon storage and density of natural forests in key ecological welfare forest (EWF) areas, where harvesting is prohibited, steadily increased between 1987 and 2003 due to the prohibition of timber harvesting. Decreases in forest biomass carbon storage and density of natural forests in ordinary EWF areas, where harvesting is allowed under certain presumably beneficial conditions, were much less from 1995 to 2003 than from 1987 to 1995 due to decreased timber harvesting. In commodity forest (CoF) areas these decreases in natural forests were also less from 1995~2003 than 1987~1995 due to decreased timber harvesting. The area and biomass carbon storage of plantations in the 3 areas steadily increased between 1987 and 2003. The rate of decrease of carbon density in CoF areas was even less than that in local EWF areas because the area and carbon storage of fast-growing plantations in CoF areas were much greater than these in local EWF areas from 1995 to 2003.

並列關鍵字

forest biomass carbon storage ； GIS ； biomass estimation ； forest policy ； management regime