Agricultural Land Uses and Soil Erosion Control: Application of the Human Ecosystem Model to the Shui-Li Creek Watershed

坡地農業與土壤沖蝕控制：使用人類生態系模式應用於水里溪集水區

王鴻濬(Hurng-Jyuhn Wang) ； 吳俊賢(Chin-Shien Wu) ； 陳溢宏(Yi-Hong Chen)

《台灣林業科學》 26卷4期 (2011/12) Pp. 371-382

https://doi.org/10.7075/TJFS.201112.0060

摘要

因對坡地土壤的高度沖蝕性不關心，於坡地栽植短期經濟作物，對台灣集水區管理已經產生一些問題。本研究主要目的是對水里溪集水區進行山坡地利用最適化配置模擬。水里溪集水區位於台灣中部，總面積為60.5平方公里。人類生態系統模式做為一個概念模式，可以整合坡地人為活動與自然資源之利用的相互關係。數學模式的目標函數設定為：坡度低於45%的農作物栽植其生產最大淨效益值。限制式則為每一個AGNPS網格的土壤可容許流失限制。此模式評估了1994～1995兩年水里集水區坡地農業的最大淨效益以及空間栽植的最適配置。模擬結果也指出水里溪集水區目前坡地的不當使用，不只使自然資源有效使用率下降，也導致區內水土保持問題。

關鍵字

人類生態學模型 ； 模型最適化 ； 集水區經營 ； 農業非點源污染模式

並列摘要

Short-term cash crop plantations on slope lands and ignoring high soil erodibility have resulted in a number of problems with the management of watersheds in Taiwan. The objective of this study was to devise a simulation model for optimally allocating slope-land uses in the Shui-Li Creek watershed, a total area of 60.5 km2 in central Taiwan. The human ecosystem model (HEM) was intended to provide a conceptual model for integrating slope-land human activities and natural resource utilization. A mathematical sub-model of the objective function attempts to maximize the net agricultural returns produced in areas with slope inclinations of ＜ 45%. Linear constraints consist of the soil-loss tolerance in each AGNPS cell. This model assesses 2 yr (1994~1995) of maximization of net benefits and optimal allocation of slope-land plantations. Furthermore, the results also indicate an ongoing misallocation in the Shui-Li Creek watershed, by comparing the optimal allocation and need to mitigate soil erosion while allowing efficient land use in this watershed.

並列關鍵字

HEM ； optimization modeling ； watershed management ； agricultural non-point source pollution model