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台灣中部低海拔蓮華池森林動態樣區之地被植物種類、組成及與環境之關係
Understory Plant Composition and Its Relations with Environmental Factors of the Lienhuachih Forest Dynamics Plot at a Subtropical Evergreen Broadleaf Forest in Central Taiwan
摘要
地被植物分布可敏銳的反應當地的微環境特性，故瞭解地被層的組成與空間上的分佈，是瞭解森林生態系動態變化的基礎，同時也有助於瞭解各種植物在森林中的更新過程。本研究在台灣中部低海拔山區的蓮華池森林動態樣區內設置6條穿越線，調查區域內之地被植物與各項環境因子，探討蓮華池森林中地被植物種類、組成與環境因子之關係。調查結果得出地被組成共有247種，將其分成蕨類、草藤類（草本與藤本）、與木本小苗等3類，蕨類植物65種，草藤類植物77種、木本小苗103種。以典型對應分析（CCA）檢測地被植物與環境因子的關係發現，土壤含水率與樹冠開闊度為影響地被植物組成與分布最重要的環境因子；蕨類、草藤類、木本小苗等不同類群的地被植物間呈現顯著負相關，表示各類群地被植物分布之間有負的影響作用；而地被層木本小苗的組成分佈，與上層同種喬木組成分佈有顯著正相關，表示大部分的上層木本物種更新狀態良好；但因各物種本身特性的差異，亦為決定其受環境因子的作用而影響其分布，並和其他物種分布也會有相互影響。
並列摘要
The understory distribution is affected by the micro-environment's characteristics, and so the composition and distribution of that are of interest to ecologists. It is a basis for understanding forest dynamics and plant regeneration. This study was conducted at the Lienhuachih forest dynamics plot in lowlands of central Taiwan. This research set up 6 transects to investigate understory and environmental factors, and to discuss relationships among species, composition of the understory, and environmental characheristics. The understory was divided 3 groups of ferns, herbs and vines, and tree saplings. We tabulated 247 species in the composition, including 65 species of ferns, 77 of herbs and vines, and 103 of saplings. Using a canonical correspondance analysis to detect understory vegetation and environmental factors, we found that soil moisture and canopy openness were the most important factors affecting the understory composition and distribution. Significant negative relationships among the 3 groups were found. A significant positive relationship between saplings and canopy species was displayed, so most species regenerated well. Depending on the different species, a species' distribution was affected by environmental factors, and was also related to other species' distribution.
延伸閱讀
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