北東眼山常綠闊葉林之微生育地類型及樹種組成

Microhabitat Types and Tree Species Composition in an Evergreen Broadleaf Forest at Mt. Peitungyen

胡元瑋(Yuan-Wei Hu) ； 曾喜育(Hsy-Yu Tzeng)

《台灣林業科學》 34卷1期 (2019/03) Pp. 13-27

https://doi.org/10.7075/TJFS.201903_34(1).0002

摘要

本研究探討植群構造與微生育地間的相關性，研究地點為台灣中部北東眼山1 ha的常綠闊葉林樣區。調查各生長型植物（喬木、灌木和草本）的參數，並測定地表高程、光度、土壤有機質、土壤pH值、土壤總碳量、土壤總氮量、樹木胸高斷面積等環境因子，以雙向指標種分析將植群分型，並以降趨對應分析加以印證。調查結果指出，整個樣區屬於紫珠葉泡花樹－長尾尖葉櫧群叢，可再細分為三個亞型，其中紅楠－杏葉石櫟亞型分布於高程較高且土壤肥沃度較差之生育地，圓葉冬青－杏葉石櫟亞型分布於土壤肥沃度較佳之生育地，而臺灣糊樗－假長葉楠亞型則分布於高程較低且土壤肥沃度較差之生育地；此外，土壤肥沃度、喬木胸高斷面積和高程會影響各亞型之植物種數、平均植株密度和平均胸高斷面積。

關鍵字

常綠闊葉林 ； 重要值指數 ； 微生育地 ； 植群構造 ； 植群型

並列摘要

Relationships between microhabitats and vegetation structure were examined in a 1-ha plot established in an evergreen broadleaf forest at Mt. Peitunyen, central Taiwan. Parameters of various growth types (trees, shrubs, and herbs) were recorded. The elevation, irradiance, soil organic matter, soil pH, soil total carbon, soil total nitrogen, and tree basal area were determined. This study classified vegetation types by a two-way indicator species analysis (TWINSPAN), and verified them by a detrended correspondence analysis (DCA). The research area belongs to the Meliosma callicarpifolia-Castanopsis cuspidata var. carlesii association, which could be subdivided into 3 subtypes. The Machilus thunbergii-Lithocarpus amygdalifolius subtype was distributed in higher and less-fertile habitat. The Ilex goshiensis-Lithocarpus amygdalifolius subtype was distributed in more-fertile habitat. The Ilex ficoidea-Machilus japonica subtype was distributed in lower and less-fertile habitat. The degree of soil fertility, basal area of trees, and elevation affected the plant species number, average plant density, and average basal area of each subtype.

並列關鍵字

evergreen broadleaf forest ； importance value index ； microhabitat ； vegetation structure ； vegetation type