Seed Germination and Early Seedling Growth of Bitter Kola (Garcinia kola Heckel): a Multipurpose Tree Species

This study investigated seed germination and seedling growth of Garcinia kola under coldwater pretreatments, with sowing media, and under different light conditions. Seeds extracted from mature fruit of G. kola were subjected to different treatments: control, soaking seeds in water for 1 wk without changing the water, soaking seeds in water for 1 wk while changing the water daily, and soaking seeds in water for 1 wk while changing the water every other day respectively represented as T1, T2, T3, and T4. Seeds were sown in cured sawdust, and some were put in sealable polythene bags to aid sprouting. Seeds raised in cured sawdust were placed under 3 light conditions: direct light (DL), medium light (ML), and low light (LL). Germination with DL was observed under T1 at 89 d after sowing (DAS), under T2 at 99 DAS, under T3 at 94 DAS, and under T4 at 89 DAS, producing 65% germination in T1 and 60% in the other pretreatments. Under ML, germination began under T1 at 149 DAS, under T2 at 129 DAS, under T3 at 124 DAS and under T4 at 129 DAS, producing 15%, 55%, 45%, and 65% germination, respectively. Also, under LL, seeds germinated in T1 at 154 DAS, in T2 at 135 DAS, in T3 209 DAS, and in T4 at 172 DAS, respectively producing 15%, 20%, 20%, and 40% germination. In the polythene bags, seeds began sprouting across the pretreatments within 2~3 wk of setting up the experiment producing different germination percentages. Seedlings under DL could not be used for growth assessment due to mortality. Student's t-test was used to analyze seedling growth data for ML and LL, and it revealed a significant difference (p ≤ 0.05) at specific assessment periods. ML produced higher mean seedling height, collar diameter, and leaf number compared to LL during the course of the experiment. Incubation in sealable polythene bags aided faster germination of G. kola seeds, although a suitable substrate was still required for proper seedling emergence. Also, moderate shade is needed in the early stage to raise G. kola seedlings.

關鍵字

pretreatment ； sowing media ； incubation ； light condition ； seedling growth variable

並列摘要

研究藤黃的種子經過冷水預處理、播種介質和不同光照條件下，種子發芽和幼苗之生長。成熟藤黃果實取出種子，進行不同試驗處理，包括對照（T1），種子浸水1週而不換水（T2），種子浸水1週且每天換水（T3），種子浸水1週並間隔一天換水（T4）。種子播種在經過處理的木屑中，部分放入密封的聚乙烯袋中以幫助發芽。木屑中培育的種子被置於3種光照條件下培養，分別為直射光（DL）、中光（ML）以及低光（LL）。直射光條件下，T1處理種子播種後第89天開始發芽，T2需99天、T3需94天和T4需89天，而其發芽率T1為65%，而其他處理則為60%。中光條件下，T1處理種子播種後第149天開始發芽、T2需129天、T3需124天以及T4需129天，而其發芽率分別為15%、55%、45%和65%。低光條件下，T1處理種子播種後第154天開始發芽、T2需135天、T3需209天以及T4需172天，而其發芽率分別為15%、20%、20%和40%。在聚乙烯袋中，種子經過前處理後的2～3週內開始萌發，產生不同的發芽率。直射光下的幼苗，由於死亡率無法生長評估。t檢定比較中光度與低光度的幼苗生長，結果顯示兩者在試驗期間存在顯著性差異（p ≤ 0.05）。在實驗過程中，與低光度相比，中光度環境下，平均幼苗高度較高、苗木基徑較大以及葉片數量多。密封的聚乙烯袋中培育有助於藤黃種子更快發芽，而適合的育苗介質仍然是必需的，育苗初期也需要適度遮蔭。

並列關鍵字

預處理；播種介質；孵育；光照條件；幼苗生長變化量

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