兩階段不完整取樣插補資料之調查設計

Two- stage incomplete survey design

高菲菲(Fei-Fei Kao) ； 陳克琛(Ker-Chang Chen) ； 陳皇宇(Huang-Yu Chen) ； 陳意婷(I-Ting Chen)

《統計與資訊評論》 17期 (2016/09) Pp. 25-39

摘要

社會科學、教育等調查研究常因問卷內容需包含各種層面，造成問卷題目過多。為顧及調查資料的品質與成本，目前調查研究者常依不同主題將題目拆成兩份以上的子問卷。調查後，直接用插補法將資料插補完整做後續分析，其間未考慮子問卷題目的相關性。我們提出一種同時兼顧資料品質與跨主題研究的兩階段不完整取樣調查設計。先將原問卷題目分成兩份不同主題的子問卷，每個子問卷皆包含受訪者基本資料及部份題目，採兩階段調查。第一階段調查其中一份子問卷，從第一階段調查結果找出關鍵題，並將關鍵題加入第二階段調查的另一份子問卷進行調查。調查後，藉由關鍵題將資料插補完整做後續分析。本文利用2006 年「世界價值觀調查」資料庫與劉和蔡(1997)提出的大型問卷不完整取樣設計進行實例模擬比較，模擬結果顯示兩階段不完整取樣插補資料調查設計較優於劉和蔡(1997)提出的四個題組六個子問卷的不完整取樣設計調查程序。並且在本文的調查程序下，即使子問卷調查的順序互換模擬結果亦呈現穩定的狀態。

關鍵字

不完整取樣設計 ； 插補法 ； 世界價值觀調查

並列摘要

The survey research in social sciences, such as, psychology, pedagogy, often contain various dimensions, resulting in excessive questions in one questionnaire. For the consideration of better quality and lower cost, the long, complex questionnaire will split into several small, simple questionnaires depending on the research dimensions. Then, the survey will be conducted by gathering data from different groups of participants with various small, simple questionnaires. After completing the survey, the data interpolating techniques will be used to complete the dataset. But, due to the survey method, the possibility of measuring the correlation between two research dimensions in different small questionnaires are no longer existing. In this article, we propose a new method called 'Two- stage incomplete survey design'. First, the questions in the long, complex questionnaire will split into two small questionnaires, each of them will contain common questions of personal information and a part of questions in long questionnaire. In addition to the different questionnaire dividing method, the survey procedure is also different. The first phase of the survey, we gather data with one of the small questionnaire, named ‘dataset1' and identify several key questions of the small questionnaire from dataset1. The second phase, we add key questions in another small questionnaire, gather data and complete the survey. After the survey, the information of key questions will be used to data interpolation. In this paper, a real world survey case, 'The 2006 World Values Survey', is used to test the performance of the proposed method. We also compare the performance of our method and the method proposed by Liu and Tsai (1997). It shows that the proposed method is better.

並列關鍵字

incomplete survey design ； imputation method ； World Values Survey