聲律與南朝文學

Rhythm and the Literature of the Southern Dynasty

陳松雄(Song-Shyong Chen)

《東吳中文學報》 10期 (2004/05) Pp. 87-111

https://doi.org/10.29460/SJCS.200405.0004

摘要

南朝文學，典雅矞皇，飛文染翰，錯采鏤金之華；換羽移宮，浮聲切響之調。錯采鏤金，競綺穀之紛披；浮聲切響，逐宮徵之靡曼。舊製告退，新體方滋。自昔論者，咸無異議，茲談聲律之用，最在詩文變體，二者相激相礪，風格彌清彌新，軌跡歷歷，昭然可鑒。
若夫古人睿作，聲律天成，如禽羽鳴響，泉石激韻，嚶嚶動乎胸臆，泠泠擬於球鎳，皆自然之音，無傍雕潤。陸機以降，騖宮商之迭代；沈約而還，調聲響之浮切，影響所及，騷壇丕變，洋洋之音漸寢，靡靡之詠日盛，文林搖盪，辭家沈湎，大勢所趨，浩浩無疆，如狂諷之曆擊，激湍之看滌，山無靜柯，海無恬鱗，沾溉深而衣被廣，影響大而變易多，敷衽而論，殆有數端：一曰古詩之換韻：南朝古詩，換韻較多，聲律變化，鏗鏘悅耳。二曰長短之詩句：詩至南朝，或異古體，常現長短其句，幾近按譜填詞。三曰律詩之產生：南朝貴尚聲偶，律體於焉產生。五言七言，各擅其美。四曰小詩之流行：四句成形，或對或散，永明聲律，沽溉最深。五曰駢賦之勃興，駢言抒懷，賦體鋪采，瀏亮綺美，聲辭兼工。六曰麗辭之鼎盛：對偶工整，辭藻華縟，浮聲切響，文秀音諧。
故知騰聲飛律，疏古競今，南代諸豪，親祕創規於前，近體百態，變本加厲於後。而文士爭詠新詞，騷壇大放異采，體革前型，範垂後昆，炤耀文苑，千秋萬世，吾人欲規模篇章，揮灑翰墨，自當熟稔宮矞，閒習浮切，庶能協律調音，奏鏗鏘之雅韻；發口屬筆，搞輝煥之高文，則南朝聲律之功，潤澤辭林；辭林體製之變，開啟來學。文則廣敷，百代為式，乃藝苑無上之珍，才士必懷之寶也。

關鍵字

聲律 ； 南朝文學 ； 古體詩 ； 律詩 ； 小詩 ； 絕句 ； 駢賦 ； 麗辭

並列摘要

Chanting of the articles of the Southern Dynasty is tinkling, pleasant to ears, even touching to soul, thanks to the rhythm. Proper adjustment of the flatness or stress of the characters increases the beauty of prosody. Authors of the Southern Dynasty considered rhythm very important, which greatly changed their articles, poems and prose.
1 .The usages and changes of rhymes in ancient poems were increased.
2.The short and long forms of poems were formed.
3.The regulated verse of poems was generated.
4.The popularization of short poems.
5.The rising of splendor prose.
6.The summit of beauteous style.
In conclusion, rhythm changed the ancient style of Southern literature into a new style as its greatest influence and contribution.

並列關鍵字

rhythm ； South Dynasties literature ； classical poetry or archaic poetry ； regulated verse ； short poem ； pentameter or septameter quatrain ； symmetrical prose ； pendant lines/prose

參考文獻

劉勰。文心雕龍。開明書局。

張溥。漢魏六朝百三家集。文津出版社。

劉麟生。中國駢文史。商務印書館。

陳鍾凡。漢魏六朝文學。商務印書館。

陳鍾凡。中國韻文通論。中華書局。