論《樂府指迷》的詞學觀

On the Theory of Ci in Guide for the Perplexed in Institute of Music (Yüe Fu Zhi Mi)

林佳蓉(Jia-Rong Lin)

《東吳中文學報》 19期 (2010/05) Pp. 255-278

https://doi.org/10.29460/SJCS.201005.0011

摘要

沈義父的《樂府指迷》是宋代詞學史上第一部專門討論填詞之法的著作，自此之後，為填詞寫作專論，便形成文人關心的議題。再者，《樂府指迷》於首章揭示創作的四大原則：「蓋音律欲其協，不協則成長短之詩；下字欲其雅，不雅則近乎纏令之體；用字不可太露，露則直突而無深長之味；發意不可太高，高則狂怪而失柔婉之意。」這四點構成整部《樂府指迷》的論述中心。本文論述的要點，即從以下四端分析之：一、協律論；二、崇雅的審美趨向；三、代字用事理論；四、內容的立意觀。本文將以《樂府指迷》為據，透過其詞話之表述方式與內容的探討，彰顯出《樂府指迷》在宋代詞話中所呈現的意義與價值。

關鍵字

沈義父 ； 樂府指迷 ； 宋代詞話 ； 詞論 ； 詞學

並列摘要

Guide For The Perplexed in Institute of Music (Yüe Fu Zhi Mi 《樂府指迷》) by Shen Yi Fu (沈義父) is the first treatise specifically on composing Ci (詞) in the history of theory of Ci in Sung Dynasty, since its publication, the literati began to discuss the theory and practice of composing Ci.
In the first chapter of the book, he indicates the four principles of composing Ci: 'The tonality should be harmonious, a inharmonious Ci is nothing but Shi (詩) of long and short sentences; the choices of words should be elegant, inelegant Ci amounts to the genre of vulgar song (Chan Ling 纏令); the using of words should not be too overt, overtness is too straight-forward without any sense of depth; the intent should not be too grand, grandeur will invite bizarreness and loss of graciousness.' The four points constitute the center of discussion in the book, therefore the four problems will be the foci of this essay.
This essay has the following special points: firstly, the harmonious tonality theory of the book; secondly, the aesthetic tendency of adoration of classicism in the book; thirdly, the poetic perspective of using literary terms and allusions; fourthly, the emphasis on the main intent of the content should be with reserve. In this essay, the investigation of its modes of expressions and the content therein amongst the discourses of Ci will illustrate the significance and value of Guide For The Perplexed in Institute of Music in discourses of Ci in Sung Dynasty.

並列關鍵字

Shen Yi Fu ； Guide For The Perplexed in Institute of Music ； discourses of Ci in Sung Dynasty ； theory of Ci ； study of Ci

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