異質環境下城際國道客運服務策略之最佳化分析

本文針對異質環境下的城際國道客運市場，考慮旅次分佈及需求強度在空間與時間上的異質特性，發展一多時段異質型的分析模式。接著提出一啓發式尋優步驟，使最適營運方案成為各類型路線的多元組合，不再受限於傳統最佳化結果的單調性。最後，本文以一個簡例進行測試，證實在時、空條件均不相同的國道客運市場中，採取「因時而異、因地制宜」的營運策略，可使系統總成本降至最低。因此，不但需求水準互異的起迄旅次點間應採取不同的路線、車型及班距，即使同一組起迄旅次，也可以實施時段而異的營運方式。

關鍵字

異質環境；轉運中心；接駁站；國道巴士；地方巴士

並列摘要

This paper develops a multiple period heterogeneous optimization model for intercity bus systems. Spatial and temporal variations of intercity trip demand levels are considered. A heuristic algorithm is developed to seek for the near-optimal hybrid operational strategy, which is composed of a variety of bus route types. To demonstrate the applicability and effectiveness of the proposed model, an imitative case study is performed. It is found that total social cost can be minimized by a spatially and temporally dependent hybrid strategy, which has the advantages of cost savings in comparison with the optimal operational strategy in homogeneous environments. For instance, a good hybrid strategy may serve a specific intercity O-D pair by line hual plus feeder routes during weekdays, whereas by direct routes during weekends.

並列關鍵字

Heterogeneous Environment ； Transfer Center ； Feeder Station ； Intercity Bus ； Feeder Bus

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