This paper, set within the theoretical framework of Construction Grammar, aims to pave the way for a comprehensive investigation of the behavior of Chinese lexical meaning with a focus on word sense and structure sense. Taking a top-down view, we discuss observed nuances in the meaning based on different syntax distributions, and describe the related semantic features, distributions and observed dynamic change. In addition, taking a bottom-up view, we use the analytical methods of the semantic system and also describe and explain many kinds of semantic relations between different structures, such as polysemy, synonymy, antonym, and homonymy.