科學史融入教學對國小學童科學本質觀影響之探究

An Exploration of Effect of Integrated Teaching about the History of Science upon Elementary School Children's Viewpoints of the Nature of Science

邱明富(Ming-Fu Chiu) ； 高慧蓮(Huey-Lien Kao)

《科學教育學刊》 14卷2期 (2006/04) Pp. 163-187

https://doi.org/10.6173/CJSE.2006.1402.03

摘要

本研究的目的在探討科學史融入國小「自然與生活科技」領域教學對國小四年級學童了解科學本質之影響。研究開始時，由研究者及三名國小老師組成科學本質研究群依據「九年一貫科學本質能力指標」與相關文獻建立「學童科學本質的內涵」。分別在“力”、“光合作用”及“地球的形狀及運行”等單元，選取適合的科學史料，編寫教材，訂定教學目標，在適當處設計一些相關的問題討論，來引導學生深思科學的本質。透過不斷的修正過程，期能呈現如何將科學史融入教學的可行模式。透過實際教學、學習單、科學本質研究群所開發的學童科學本質問卷及學童科學本質晤談工具等多元評量工具等進行分析，藉以瞭解學生對科學本質瞭解的改變情況。最後提出實施融入科學史教學的PT-DA模式，包含籌備期、教學期、討論期及評量期。結果顯示本教學模式能增進學生對科學本質的理解，同時也提出對教學及未來研究上的建議。

關鍵字

科學史 ； 科學本質

並列摘要

The purpose of this study was to explore the influence of instruction about the history of science on 4(subscript th) grade elementary students' understanding of the nature of science. The instruction was integrated through the domain of ”Science & Life-Technology”. The nature of science research group consisting of the researchers and three elementary teachers developed the ”Content of the Nature of Science” for elementary students, according to the ”Capability Indicators of the Nature of Science in the Nine-Year Curriculum” and related literature. In the ”Force”, ”Photosynthesis” and ”Shape and Revolution of the Earth” teaching units, the researchers chose materials on the history of science, designed teaching materials, set teaching goals and asked questions to guide students to discuss the nature of science. Through continuously revising the teaching materials, the researchers hope to propose a possible model for the integrated teaching of the history of science. Data collection in this study was based on classroom observation, students' workbooks, and a research group developed quantitative evaluative and interview instrument measuring the students' viewpoints of the nature of science. According these data, a PT-DA model of the history of science integrated into science teaching was proposed which included four stages: preparation, teaching, discussion and assessment. The results showed that the teaching model integrating the history of science into the elementary school teaching could enhance the participants' understanding of the nature of science. The researchers also provide suggestions for teaching and research in the future.

並列關鍵字

The History of Science ； The Nature of Science

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