Anaphylaxis is a serious allergic reaction that is rapid at onset and is potentially fatal. In addition to early recognition and prompt management, identification of the offending drug is crucial to prevent future exposure to the same anesthetics. This is a case report of a 55-year-old man with prostate cancer who developed suspected anaphylactic shock associated with anesthetics before surgery. This patient was given Vasopressor, steroid and CPR, and transferred to intensive care unit (ICU) for extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO) with further care. ECMO was removed successfully in two days. However, the patient suffered from brain multiple infarction with hemorrhagic transformation and brain edema, and failed weaning off the ventilator despite treatment. Therefore, tracheostomy was planned. This time, the medical team conducted a thorough assessment and used premedication to prevent any anaphylactic reaction.