This study was to investigate the association between temperament and dietary behaviors among 3-5 year olds. ln this study, the research reviewed and revised the Questionnares of children and their family Basic information, Scales of Temperament for young children and Questionnares of Eating Habits of young children as research tools. This study used purposive sampling to select public and private preschools at 12 administrative districts in Taipei. There were 686 effective questionnires and the effective rate was 95.28%. Findings showed that when children from different family backgrounds, there were significant differences between children's temperament and eating habits. It was also predictable between children's temperament and eating habits. This study suggested that parent's should pay attention to the eating preferences and temperament of young children in order to establish good eating habits.