- 期刊
高架路伸縮縫衝擊噪音之量測與評估方式探討
The Measurement and Evaluation of the Impulsive Noise Caused by the Expansion Joint of the Suspended Highway
摘要
近年來，由於高架道路的大量興建，引起另一波交通噪音的問題，進而引發更多的抗爭。最主要的原因，出在車輛通過高架路伸縮縫所產生的衝擊噪音。斷斷續續的衝擊音響，對道路周邊居民生理與心理的危害，更甚於車輛所發出的連續噪音。 目前高架道路所採用的伸縮縫，不外乎模組伸縮縫、窄齒指鈑縫及寬齒指鈑縫等三種。由於構造不同，所發出的衝擊音的時間波形與頻率範圍有很大不同。本研究進行伸縮縫衝擊音的量測與評估，得到以下的結論： 一、經由評估方法的探討，L(下標 max)應為伸縮縫衝擊音較佳的評估方式。 二、無論加權與否，模組伸縮縫的衝擊音評估值較窄齒指鈑縫高了6 dB，較寬齒指鈑縫高了13 dB；以模組伸縮縫對周邊居民的幹擾最為嚴重。 三、寬齒指鈑縫的優點，在它道路表面的平整度佳、齒間縫隙小及較寬的齒面等，缺點則是伸縮量小。寬齒指鈑縫的優點若能應用在窄齒指鈑縫的改良上，對於高架道路衝擊音的降低將會有非常大的助益。 四、量測時發現，某些模組伸縮縫的聲音波形會出現異常的高頻訊號。推論此導因於施工瑕疵及使用後損壞的前兆，可加以驗證以做為政府部門在評估模組伸縮縫是否堪用的參考。
並列摘要
Recently, the noise environment is getting worse due to the mass construction of the suspended highway. The resident along the highway has to endure the impulsive noise by the expansion joint which is designed for the expansion of highway structure. The impulsive noise is completely different from the continuous traffic noise. Someone who is allergic to the impulsive noise is very easy to get nervous and is eventually harmful to the health. The protest against this kind of highway keeps increasing. Currently, two types of expansion joint are utilized. One is the modular joint, and the other is the fingerplate joint. According to the width of the teeth, the fingerplate joint is also classified into ＜||＞wide＜||＞ and ＜||＞narrow＜||＞ types. When cars or trucks fast passing across the expansion joint, the annoying impulsive noise is stimulated. Today, the protest is mostly against the modular joint. The design of the modular joint is different from the fingerplate and the loudness of the impulsive noise of the modular joint is also different. A method is utilized to analyze the characteristics of the impulse signals. It is found that the waveforms and frequencies of the impulsive noise by different expansion joints are completely different. The following are the results of this study: 1、The L(subscript max) is ensured to be a good method to evaluate the loudness of impulsive noise. 2、The result shows that the loudness of the modular joint is higher than the narrow fingerplate joint by 6 dB and higher than the wide fingerplate joint by 13 dB. The modular joint is the most harmful device to the resident. 3、Because the wide fingerplate joint which is the least harmful can't provide enough expansion for the highway expansion, the narrow fingerplate joint is the only choice to replace the broken modulate joint. It is still suggested to redesign the narrow fingerplate joint in order to less the impulsive noise. 4、Some abnormal time waveforms were found during the measurement of the modular joint. Maybe, it is signified to be damaged. This abnormal time waveforms could be developed to diagnose the availability of the modular joint.