論方以智「三教歸易」的會通思想

A Study of Fang Yi-chih's Convergent Thought in "the Integration of Confucianism, Buddhism, and Daoism into the Interpretation of I-Ching"

陳秀美(Hsiu-Mei Chen)

《宗教哲學》 62期 (2012/12) Pp. 39-55

https://doi.org/10.6309/JORP.201212_(62).0005

摘要

「三教歸易」思想，乃是方以智哲學觀念的核心之一。其以「會通」的詮釋視域來「炮莊」的目的，乃是要強調唯有融合各家精華於一爐，就像「炮製」各種藥材一般地提煉出屬於中國思想的統一性。因此從其「三教歸易」的《炮莊》宗旨觀之，方以智當時是以「藥地和尚」的身份，完成這部「兼容學術」的《藥地炮莊》。準此，從其創作動機看來，他一方面想要為注莊、解莊開放一個新的詮釋視域與方法；另一方面更是藉由《藥地炮莊》的特殊詮釋立場與主張，來反思其所處的明清政權轉移的時代性危機。因此方以智以其「坐集千古之智，折中其間」的「會通」思想為基礎，將其融通的學養呈現儒、釋、道「三教歸易」的哲學思想裡，因此從其充滿知識份子處亂世的人生理想與選擇中，更可以看出他個人的時代使命。

關鍵字

方以智 ； 藥地炮莊 ； 會通 ； 三教歸易

並列摘要

”The integration of Confucianism, Buddhism, and Daoism into the interpretation of I-Ching,” as the core idea of Fang Yi-chih's philosophy, emphasized the integration of the various Chinese philosophical schools to ”refine” them into the essence of Chinese thought. Fang Yi-chih, in his ”Refining Chuang-Tzu in the Way of Extracting Herbal Medicine”, employed the method of ”convergence” to ”refine Chuang-Tzu” to emphasize the unity of Chinese thought. Studying ”Chuang-Tzu” from the approach of ”the integration of Confucianism, Buddhism, and Daoism into the interpretation of l-Ching,” Fang completed his academic masterpiece ”Refining Chuang-Tzu in the Way of Extracting Herbal Medicine” in the identity of ”the monk of herbal medicine.” On the one hand, by motivation, he would like to create a new vision for interpreting ”Chuang-Tzu”; on the other hand, he tried to reflect on the transition crisis of the era in which he lived, that is, the crisis of the very moment of political transition from the Ming-dynasty government to the Qing-dynasty government. Converging Confucianism, Buddhism, and Daoism into l-Ching, Fang Yi-chih showed his duty as an intelligentsia in a chaotic era.

並列關鍵字

Fang Yi-chih ； "Refining Chuang-Tzu in the Way of Extracting Herbal Medicine" ； Convergence ； "The Integration of Confucianism, Buddhism, and Daoism into the Interpretation of I-Ching"