陽明山國家公園自導式環境教育之評估研究

Evaluation Study of Self-directed Environmental Education for Yangmingshan National Park

蕭淑碧(Shu-bih Hsiao) ； 張子超(Tzu-chau Chang) ； 許美惠(Mei-Hui, Hsu)

《宗教哲學》 86期 (2018/12) Pp. 119-142

https://doi.org/10.6309/JORP.201812_(86).0006

摘要

本研究旨在透過自然體驗活動的問卷調查來了解遊客在自導式學習與自然連結的需求，以及探討自導式環境教育課程的效益。登山步道常見的「非人員解說」是透過解說牌的內容來了解自然環境。本研究另以「陽明山東西大縱走活動」為例，提供自導式解說手冊，作為活動中指引的工具。本研究感謝陽明山國家公園提供105年9月至12月期間，完成該活動之問卷1,210份，以進行統計分析。結果顯示，與家人朋友同遊比例佔約82%，有利於社交與家庭情感凝聚；學員參加活動之後自覺對自然體驗的能力增加者佔90%。）。增進活動成效與輔導學習模式，對於個人健康、家庭和樂、人際關係及對於周圍環境及生命的關懷有正面積極的效益。有目的性的自導式步道環境教育，可預期達到環境知識（認識沿途步道的資源）、環境覺知（在放鬆中環境敏感度提高，如聽覺、嗅覺……能力增強）、環境態度（欣賞花草的生命力，引發愛惜之心）、環境技能（具備完善登山技能，舒適體會山林）及環境行動力（沿途自發性照顧大地、淨山和巡護等實際行動）等五大項的環境教育目標。研究結論顯示自導式環境教育提供極經濟的成本，可以創造社會整體高效益的影響力，值得各國家公園之重視與參考。

關鍵字

自導式 ； 環境教育 ； 東西大縱走 ； 自然體驗 ； 國家公園

並列摘要

This study aims to evaluate the benefits of self-directed environmental education courses, and explore the tourists' needs on nature experiences, through surveying the participants of the activities. The conventional 'non-narrator service' for outdoor hiking trails relays on the narration boards. Taking the ＂Yangming Mountain East and West Walking Activities＂ as an example, in addition to the narration boards, the Yangmingshan National Park Headquaters provides a self-guided manual, which contains learning principles, learning objectives, activity strategies, and related information as a tool and guideline. The authors acknowledge the Yangmingshan National Park Headquaters administration for providing experimental samples, from which 1,210 participant's questionnaires in between September and December 2016 were collected. Analysis shows that approximately 82% of the visitors traveled with families and friends was benefited by better social and household relationship, and 90% had gained better natural experiences. As to the outcome of the activities, 29% acknowledged higher nature awareness, 27% self-awareness and 24% health improvement, and as a result, 93% of the visitors had high intention to revisit. Improving activities and the mode of counseling and learning clearly affected personal health, social relationship, and environmental attitudes positively. Purposeful self-guided trail environment education can be expected to achieve environmental knowledge (recognizing resources along the trail), environmental awareness (enhanced environmental sensitivity during relaxation, such as hearing, smell, ability), environmental attitude (appreciation), the vitality of flowers and plants, the heart of love, the environmental skills (with perfect mountaineering skills, comfortable experience of the mountains) and environmental action (spontaneous care of the earth, the net mountain and the patrol and other practical actions along the way) and other five major items. It is concluded that self-directed environmental education is cost effective and can create strong influence on the whole society, thus it is worthy to be considered and referenced by all national parks.

並列關鍵字

Self-guided ； environmental education ； east-west walking ； nature experience ； national park