Heat shock proteins (HSPs) play a key role in correct folding of nascent and stress-accumulated misfolded proteins during stress and inflammation. HSPs not only allow the cells to survive in otherwise lethal conditions, but also play an essential role in intracellular ”house-keeping” by assisting cell physiological function. In addition to regulatory function in apoptotic pathway, HSPs also act as key inflammatory mediators in inflammatory pathways. Different HSPs expression levels are found in inflammatory disease such as cardiovascular disease and periodontitis, suggesting that HSPs may be key mediators of inflammatory sequence of these diseases. This article will review articles that discussed about the functions, expressions, influences, of HSPs in periodontal tissues.