超音波器械在牙周病治療與人工植牙手術的應用

Ultrasonic Instruments Applied in Periodontal Treatment and Dental Implant Surgery

呂昆龍(Kun-Long Lu) ； 沈一慶(E-Chin Shen) ； 黃國光(Kuo-Kuang Huang)

《臺灣牙周病醫學會雜誌》 15卷3期 (2010/09) Pp. 231-243

摘要

牙周病爲口腔好發疾病之一，而牙菌斑及牙結石的積存是導致牙周病發生的主要因素，因此牙周病治療首先就是要清除積存在牙根表面的牙菌斑、牙結石及受感染的病變牙骨質以緩解發炎及保持健康的牙周組織。使用手用器械對牙根表面實行牙結石刮除對牙根分又或是深度囊袋等難以清潔處仍有其侷限性，且容易造成術者疲勞和病人不適。近年來隨著超音波技術的逐漸發展，對於清除結石以及深度囊袋有較高的清潔效率。另外最近發展出的超音波骨切割技術，應用在人工植牙手術方面對於植牙成功率和安全性的提升也都有很大幫助。
本文的目的爲將相關的研究做整理以探討超音波器械在牙周病治療與人工植牙手術中的應用效采，並與傳統手用器械作詳盡之比較。

關鍵字

超音波洗牙 ； 超音波骨切割 ； 人工植牙

並列摘要

Deposition of dental plaque and calculus are the primary causative factors of periodontal disease. As a result, the purpose of treating periodontitis is to remove plaque, calculus and infected cementum accumulated on the root surface, to assuage gingival inflammation and maintain healthy periodontal tissue. In the past, hand instruments such as hoes, curettes and scalers have traditionally been used to scrape off the subgingival bioflim and calculus and planned the pathologically exposed root surface. However, the use of hand instrument to implement the removal of calculus is still limited such as in furcations and deep pockets, and it may easily make operators tired and patients uncomfortable. In recent years, with the increasing development of ultrasonic technique, which provides higher efficiency in cleaning the apical plaque border more easily than hand instrument, especially in furcations and deep pockets.
In recent 30 years, ultrasonic technique has been increasingly performed precise and safe osteotomies. When the bone quantity of maxillary posterior area are insufficient or there is need to avoid damaging important tissues in operation field, the application of the piezosurgery device does improve the success rate and increase the safety of bone surgery and dental implants.
This article aims to survey related researches so as to discuss the role of ultrasonic instrument in periodontal treatment and dental implants, and also compare it with the effects of traditional hand instrument.

並列關鍵字

ultrasonic scaling ； ultrasonic osteotomy ； dental implant