城市史研究中的疊圖分析─以1911年以前臺中市空間史料重新檢驗為例

做為臺灣中部首府，臺中市雖然擁有1900年公告的第一張都市計畫圖，但1910年以前並沒有可靠的實測地形圖，對於1890年清代臺中建城規模的記載亦不完整，造成早期空間歷史研究上的困難。直到1990年代應用臺灣總督府檔案公文類纂，並採用疊圖的呈現方式，才產生可以與現代地景／地標對應的清代復原城廓圖，但有可信度的問題。本文應用CAD工具以及數位化地形圖資，以1901至1910年的關鍵年代史料為例，重新釐清既有的歷史復原過程，並加入可能誤差範圍的描述，以此驗證相關史料的可信度。本文藉由此案例研究經驗，說明在史料質量有限的研究限制下，仍可以運用系列疊圖方式建立具有與現實空間連結關係的復原圖。參考紋理的標準化工作步驟，不僅可運用於城市史的空間變遷研究，亦可應用於其他空間史料的檢證分析，並做為進一步研究的論述基礎。

關鍵字

臺中；城市史；疊圖

並列摘要

Taichung City, the major city in central Taiwan, has Taiwan's first urban-planning map which was announced in 1900. However, there are neither credible topographic maps nor complete records of the building of this city in Qing Dynasty from 1890 to 1910. This difficulty in the earlier spatial history of Taichung City was not solved until 1990 era. With the help of the Sokotufu archives, the restoration of the walled city in Qing Dynasty could be related with current spatial condition by the overlapping maps method. Therefore, applying CAD tools and the latest fully digitized topographic maps, this research lake a crucial period from 1901 to 1910 as a example to re-examines current results of historical restoration and verifies the credibility of relevant historical materials. Based on this research experience, quantitative spatial models can be established with the help of the serial overlapping method even if there are only limited historical materials available. Then the models can be used with spatial analysis tools to cross examine relevant historical materials. This research method and work process can be employed only in spatial transition studies of other urban histories but also analysis of other spatial historical materials to provide a discussion basis for further research.