台灣2003年底15-49歲愛滋病毒感染估計盛行率

An Estimated Prevalence Rate of Adult (15-49) HIV Infection in Taiwan till Year 2003

黃彥芳(Yen-Fang Huang) ； 黃逸芯(Yih-Shin Huang) ； 潘力誠(Li-Chern Pan) ； 謝雅汶(Ya-Wen Hsieh) ； 林重賢(Chung-Hsien Lin) ； 王素華(Su-Hua Wang) ； 邱珠敏(Chu-Ming Chiu) ； 蔡淑芬(Su-Fen Tsai) ； 郭旭崧(Hsu-Sung Kuo)

《台灣醫學》 9卷6期 (2005/11) Pp. 713-721

https://doi.org/10.6320/FJM.2005.9(6).01

摘要

推估直至2003年底，台灣成人愛滋病毒成染之疫情，並評估現行通報系統的涵蓋率和潛藏感染人數，以作為未來愛滋病防治政策擬定參考依據，並由使用與世界衛生組織評估愛滋疫情相同的方式，來奠定與國際接軌的基礎。使用2003版，由聯合國愛滋病組織(UNAIDS)和世界衛生組織(WHO)為低度成染和集中成染地區的國家所提供計算軟體，用以推算本國愛滋病的成染人數。本研究顯示，台灣2003年15-49歲愛滋病毒成染存活人數為9,547人（3,934人－17,612人），盛行率為0.07%(0.03％-0.14%)。但根據實際通報數據，國內至2003年15-49歲之累積通報成染存活數為3,912人。由此可知，約有5,635名成染者未通報者潛藏於冰山下，所以已通報個案和未知冰山下潛藏個案比為1:1.4，亦即台灣地區的愛滋病毒成染實際人數約為通報存活人數的2.4倍（1.0-4.5倍）。綜合上述推估分析，我國的愛滋病疫情應屬於低盛行率的國家；與亞洲鄰近國家比較，略低於新加坡，與香港相當，較日本、韓國疫情略高。而台灣的通報系統涵蓋率則與日本最為相近。相對於其他國家及地區而言，我國的愛滋病疫情雖屬於低盛行率的國家，但由實際感染和通報感染人數上的差距，所間接反應出對愛滋病疫情有限的掌控程度，我國未來應就如何找出冰山下潛藏的感染人數投注更多防治策略和經費。

關鍵字

愛滋病 ； 愛滋病毒 ； 台灣 ； 台灣愛滋病 ； 盛行率

並列摘要

The purpose of this study was to evaluate the HIV prevalence rate in adults of Taiwan up to the end of 2003. As well as estimating the prevalence rate, the possible coverage rate of the reported cases, and the numbers of unreported cases were evaluated. These results will not only provide an important reference for implementation of future prevention policy of HIV/AIDS in Taiwan, but will also form a basis for comparison with international HIV epidemics. The tool was the 2003 version provided by UNAIDS/WHO, for making estimates of HIV/AIDS in countries with low-level or concentrated epidemics. The workbook method was used as the core computation platform to calculate the number of HIV/AIDS infections in Taiwan. Our result shows that an estimated 9,547 persons (range 3,934-17,612) amongst adults aged 15-49 years in Taiwan were living with HIV at the end of 2003. The estimated HIV prevalence rate of adults was 0.07% (range 0.03%-0.14%). Compared with the 3,912 persons with HIV/AIDS reported by Taiwan Center for Disease Control in 2003, a possible 5,635 people remained unreported. Moreover, the ratio of reported case numbers to unreported ones was 1:1.4. In other words, the potential number of HIV cases could be 2.4 times (range: 1-4.5) the number of reported ones. When compared with similar Asian countries, the HIV prevalence of Taiwan is slightly lower than that of Singapore, close to that of Hong Kong and higher than that of Korea and Japan. The coverage rate of reported cases is 42% in Taiwan, which is similar to that of Japan. The data indicates that, although Taiwan still remains at the stage of ”low prevalence epidemic”, there is a large discrepancy between reported and unreported cases. It is therefore strongly suggested that more is invested in developing effective surveillance techniques in order to identify all the unreported cases.

並列關鍵字

HIV ； AIDS ； Taiwan ； prevalence ； surveillance