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台灣地區“捐血前面談不合格率”及“檢驗不合格率”之城鄉差異

Comparison of "Blood Donor Deferral Rate" and "Abnormal Laboratory Data Rates" between Urban and Rural Taiwan

摘要


台北捐血中心位於台灣的北部,為現代繁華的大都會,捐血人含蓋台北縣、市以及基隆市、金門、馬祖。花蓮捐血中心位於台灣東部,被視為一純樸的鄉鎮,捐血人含蓋宜蘭、花蓮、台東三個縣市。我們以兩個中心五年來之「捐血前面談不合格率」及「檢驗不合格率」來做分析與比較,試圖找出城鄉之問捐血人捐血前與捐血後不合格項目是否存在差異性。收集台北、花蓮兩捐血中心,西元1999至2003年,5年間之「捐血前面談不合格率」及「檢驗不合格率」予以分析統計。「捐血前面談不合格」項目包含:自疫區返國、血色素不足、曾患肝炎、拔牙、紋身、體重不足、血壓過高(低)、睡眠不足、上次捐血檢驗不合格、酗酒、嫖妓…等。血液「檢驗不合格」項目包含:血清轉胺酶(ALT)、B型肝炎表面抗原(HBsAg)、C型肝炎病毒抗體(Anti-HCV)、人類免疫缺乏病毒抗體第一/二型(Anti-HIV1/2)、人類嗜T淋巴球病毒抗體第一/二型(Anti-HTLVⅠ/Ⅱ)、梅毒血清學試驗(TPPA)。運用統計學t檢定(t-test)之方法算出兩者間之差異是否具有某種程度上的意義。兩個中心使用之捐血、檢驗條件一致。花蓮捐血中心之檢體每天以快遞送台北檢驗。整體數據顯示,「捐血前面談不合格率」台北高於花蓮。單項部份以出國至疫區、血壓偏高(低)、體重不足、睡眠不夠、前次捐血檢驗不合格、及嫖妓等被拒絕捐血者,台北與花蓮間的差異具有統計學上的意義。而因酗酒被拒絕捐血者,花蓮高於台北,兩者間的差異在統計學上亦具有意義。至於「檢驗不合格率」的部份,花蓮明顯高於台北,其中HBsAg及Anti-HCV陽性的比率,花蓮與台北間的差異具有統計學上的意義。在這篇研究中証實了都市及鄉村之捐血人在「捐血前面談不合格率」的某些項目上具有差異性。兩者間之生活習慣及種族的分佈可能是造成城鄉捐血人差異的主因。但這些捐血人之差異,是否足以代表整個都會區人口及鄉村人口在結構型態上之差異,還有待証實。其他研究報告提出以一般民眾HBsAg及Anti-HCV陽性反應率,鄉村大於都市,亦與我們捐血人口分佈比率相符。

並列摘要


Demographical differences exist between the Northern and Eastern part of Taiwan, the former being considered by most to be more modern than the latter. With these differences in mind, we reviewed 5 years of data from the two Blood Centers located in these two different parts of Taiwan, and evaluated their donor deferral rates and positive infectious markers rates and their possible influence on blood safety. From the year 1999 to 2003, data on donor deferral and positive infectious markers rates were collected from Taipei Blood Center and Hualien Blood Center separately. We employed t-test method to define the statistical difference between the two groups of donors. P value <0.05 was considered as a significant difference. There is a higher total donor deferral rate in Taipei compared to Hualien. For different deferral criteria, significant differences were found in the two groups. Infectious markers in donated blood are significantly higher for Hualien than those for Taipei, especially for hepatitis B and hepatitis C markers. The differences found provide an insight in the character and status of the donor population with regards to some common health problems and transfusion related infectious diseases.

被引用紀錄


洪啟民(2006)。醫學中心醫師對使用新鮮冷凍血漿認知、態度之探討〔碩士論文,國立臺灣大學〕。華藝線上圖書館。https://doi.org/10.6342/NTU.2006.10530

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