建構取向之幼兒自然科學教學之歷程性研究

An Investigation of the Process of Implementing a Constructive Early Science Program

周淑惠(Su-Hui Chou)

《新竹師院學報》 19期 (2004/12) Pp. 61-88

https://doi.org/10.7044/JNHCTC.200412.0061

摘要

本研究報告是國科會兩年歷程性計劃的第一年，旨在報導第一年研究歷程與結果。第一年研究旨在透過理念研討與教學試行，形塑教師建構教學的理念與知能，以為第二年正式施行建構教學奠基並提出修正調整建議。而本研究所實施的教學是基於強調共同建構、語文心智工具與鷹架引導的「社會建構論」。所探究問題為：檢視理念形塑整體成效，包括評估所試行建構教學成分與評估幼兒成長與否；以及探討在整體試行歷程中所曾遭遇問題與解決策略。透過質性研究方法蒐集資料與分析資料，所獲結論為：(1)兩園試行期教學大致符合建構教學重要精神，但尚有一些努力空間；(2)兩園幼兒於試行期後，無論在認知或情意、技能方面均有相當進步；(3)兩園教師在試行歷程中均遭遇一些問題或困惑，這些問題包括：相關科學知識不足、科學探究程序不清、幼兒年齡層級困惑、引導鷹架拿捏不易等。根據以上研究結果，提出如下建議以供下年正式實施之參考：持續強化兩園建構教學成分、即刻加強科學探究程序的訓練、積極運用同儕鷹架的利多因子、繼續強調語文鷹架與環境鷹架的相乘效應、持續強化研究團隊的支持力量與適度借重專家諮詢功能。

關鍵字

建構教學 ； 建構論 ； 社會建構論 ； 科學教育 ； 幼兒教育 ； 幼兒科學教育

並列摘要

This is the first year report of implementing a two-year, constructivist teaching project. The first year aims to shape teachers beliefs about Constructivism by means of seminar and trial teaching. The report, therefore, is to document the effects of trial teaching through the qualitative research methods such as classroom observation, interview and document collection. There are three important findings as follows: (1) the trial teaching of two kindergartens is mostly based on the assumptions of Social Constructivism with some improvements to be made in the coming year of implementation; (2) the children in two kindergartens are gaining growth in cognition, affection and skill along through the process of trial teaching; (3) there are some problems and confusion in the process of trial teaching such as lack of scientific knowledge, confusion on the knowledge construction ability of very young children, difficulty in scaffolding skill Finally, there are some suggestions proposed for the coming year according to the results. These suggestions are such as: continuing increasing the ingredients of constructive teaching, keeping employing the support of research team, improving the inquiry skill of teachers, etc.

並列關鍵字

constructivism ； social constructivism ； early childhood education ； early Science education ； Science education

參考文獻

周淑惠(1998)。正式與非正式幼兒教師之教學信念與行爲研究。新竹師院學報。11，229-261。

周淑惠、中華民國課程與教學學會主編(1998)。學校本位課程與教學創新。台北:揚智。

周淑惠編(2002)。幼稚園幼兒自然科學課程資源手冊。台北:教育部。

周淑惠()。

周淑惠(2003)。幼兒科學概念與思維。台北:心理。