台灣地區之小兒職能治療人力現況調查

有鑑於近小兒職能治療之迅速發展，為了適當規畫未來職能治療專業教育，並提昇臨床專業素質，亟需瞭解小兒職能治療的人力現況，因此本研究之目的為探討目前台灣地區小兒職能治療的人力現況及台灣北、中、南各地區又不同的工作單位類別之人力分佈狀況，以及這些治療師在小兒職能治療的工作年資和學歷等。本研究採問卷調查法，問卷共發出303份，回收問卷206份，回收率68.0%，刪除其中小兒個案之接案量為極少量者，最後有效問卷197份。問卷調查期間為民國89年8月至10月。研究結果：全職治療師師有81位（41.1%），兼職的治療師有116位(58.9%)。人口學資料顯示：女142名(72.1%)，男55名(27.9%)。學歷以大學畢業為主(91.4)，年資2.56年，年資範圍為0.08年~17.00年。在81位全職小兒職能治療師中，資深者（年資為5年或5年以上者）僅有8位(9.9%)，全職小兒職能治療師之年資以小於3年的比例高（63位，78.8%）。人力在地區的分佈上，以北區100名（50.8%）最多，在工作單位之類別中以醫院142名(72.1%)最多。以人數乘以投入時間之百分比方式來估算從事小兒職能治療的人力約有124人。綜觀我國醫療，教育及社會福利政策之方針，以及約為3%之發展障礙盛行率，皆顯現出目前小兒職能治療人力之不足，本研究結果不僅有助於培養職能治療師之學校教育單位瞭解國內小兒職能治療發展現況，以擬定適當招生人數和修訂相關課程，也可提供給醫療、社會福利相關主管單位，以為政策擬定之參考。

關鍵字

小兒職能治療人力；問卷調查

並列摘要

The purpose of this study was to investigate the manpower available for pediatric occupational therapy (OT) in Taiwan, and specifically, the distribution of this manpower across different geographical areas and clinical settings. A survey questionnaire was used to collect data. Of the 303 surveys sent, 206 were returned (a 68% response rate). Therapists who reported one pediatric case or less fortnightly were excluded from the study, leaving 197 questionnaires. The survey was conducted between August and October of 2000. The results revealed that of the 197 respondents, 81(41.1%) worked full-time and 116 (58.9%) were part-time, with 2.6 times more female therapists comparing gender (142(72.1%) vs. 55 (27.9%), respectively). The majority of respondents had achieved baccalaureate degrees (91.4%), and average work experience in the field was 2.56 years (SD 3.10, median 1.97, range 0.08-17). Of the 81 full-time pediatric occupational therapists, eight (9.9%) were senior (at least five years experience), and 63 (78.8%) were junior (three years experience or less), with the analysis of geographical distribution of this available manpower revealing that the majority of respondents (100, 50.8%) worked in northern Taiwan. Analysis of distribution according to clinical setting revealed that the majority (142, 72.1%) worked in hospitals. An estimation of manpower available for pediatric occupational therapy was 124 professionals, derived by summing fraction of working time dedicated to pediatric cases for all enrolled therapists. In recent years, the changing focus of health care policies and social welfare programs, with increased emphasis on children with developmental disabilities, and the relatively high prevalence of developmental impairment (3%), have resulted in significantly elevated demand for pediatric occupational therapists. The results of this study indicate a shortage of pediatric OTs, a scarcity of senior therapists, and uneven distribution of pediatric OT personnel, both in terms of geographical area and clinical setting. The findings of this study may prove useful for senior staff planning OT student recruitment at relevant tertiary institutions. Furthermore, the uneven distribution of OT personnel in Taiwan deserves more attention from the relevant government and health care authorities, with shorter and longer term strategies put in place for the management of this inequity. (Full text in Chinese)

並列關鍵字

pediatric manpower ； occupational therapy ； questionnaire survey ； developmental disability

國際替代計量

台灣地區之小兒職能治療人力現況調查

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