以問題導向學習於醫科一二年級時教授醫學倫理之初步嘗試

Initial Trial of Problem-based Learning as a Method for the Teaching of Medical Ethics during the Freshman and Sophomore Years

賴明亮(Ming-Liang Lai) ； 陳興星(Hsing-Hsing Chen) ； 蔡明哲(Ming-Che Tsai) ； 陳清惠(Ching-Huey Chen) ； 葉宗烈(Tzung-Lieh Yeh)

《Journal of Medical Education》 10卷3期 (2006/09) Pp. 209-214

https://doi.org/10.6145/jme.200609_10(3).0004

摘要

目前醫療人員的道德操守普遍受到社會質疑時，醫學倫理之教學就更重要。過去我們曾以問題為導向學習（以下簡稱PBL）方式，在醫學系四年級同學教授倫理學，受到學生之肯定。本計劃之目的，在確認以PBL 方式，於醫學系一二年級傳授倫理學之可行性，及如何施行成效較高。我們以民國九十二年之嚴重急性呼吸道症候群（以下簡稱SARS）流行時，國內社會呈現之現象為題材，經由老師們編選為PBL之討論教本，進行小組討論教學，並收集課程中及結束後師生座談，同學書面意見加以整理。結果顯示，在醫科前兩年進行PBL式的倫理教學是可行的，假如能有下述三條件時，同學的學習效果更佳。首先，需要有熱心，數量足夠的師資，（每組學生有兩位老師尤佳）其次，每組學生的數目不宜太多（最好少於8人）；最後，老師宜在合適的時間，提供簡要之評論。

關鍵字

醫學倫理 ； 醫學教育 ； 問題為導向學習

並列摘要

The teaching of medical ethics at medical school has become more important in an era of social suspicion over the moral principles of medical personnel. Our previous experience has shown that problem-based learning (PBL) is a good way to teach medical ethics to fourth-year medical students. This study was designed to evaluate this possibility together with the parameters of success for teaching basic ethics to freshman and sophomore using PBL. The social events during the Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome (SARS) outbreak in Taiwan in 2003 were collected and edited to form teaching material for the PBL classes. Opinions and suggestion from both students and teachers were collected for analysis. The results revealed that the application of PBL as a method for the teaching of ethics to junior medical students would seem to be welcome and was rated a success by the students if certain conditions were fulfilled. These conditions were that enough tutors (more than two to a group of students) were available in each group, there was a low limit to the number of students in any group and during class, the tutors needed to give concise and timely comments on the problems.

並列關鍵字

medical ethics ； medical education ； problem-based learning

參考文獻

財團法人國家衛生研究院評鑑委員會

賴明亮、趙可式、陳興星(2005)。以問題導向學習教授醫學倫理之初步嘗試。醫學教育。9，297-307。

Figueira EJ,Cazzo E,Tuma P(2004).Acquisition of skills in medical ethics in learning-teaching small groups. Comparing problem-based learning with the traditional model.Rev Assoc Med Brasileira.50,133-134.

Parker M(1995).Autonomy, problem-based learning, and the teaching of medical ethics.J Med Ethics.21,305-310.

Gauthier CC(1993).Philosophical foundations of respect for autonomy.Kennedy Inst Ethics J.3,21-37.