環境德行倫理學的研究趨勢

A Research about the Tendence of Environmental Virtue Ethics

程進發(Chin-Fa Cheng)

《應用倫理評論》 60期 (2016/04) Pp. 93-121

摘要

從環境倫理領域中突顯出以行動者為中心的討論，其中不容忽視的一個轉向是道德力量重新被掌握；在環境倫理的實踐中，行動者的品格力量所形成的規範性變成是主導著人類與環境互動關鍵線索或可能性；我們可以從生態哲學家的生命軌跡中看到一些環境德行，而這些德行對於增長人類與自然環境之間的和諧關係是有助益的，環境德行倫理學就是致力於維持與增進人與自然環境之間的和諧與健康。本文的目的在於闡述何謂環境德行倫理學？以及評介發展過程中四本影響性的著作，再概括出近年來它所關切的四項議題，即：適當的環境德行倫理學必須具備那些條件呢？環境德行倫理與知性德行、環境德行倫理學與環境倫理學之間，以及環境德行倫理學與正面的心理學跨領域結合等研究趨勢，讓我們對環境德行倫理學有一更全貌的認識。

關鍵字

環境倫理學 ； 環境德行 ； 知性德行 ； 環境德行倫理學

並列摘要

The ＂Agent-centred＂ becomes a strong and crucial perception of environmental ethics nowadays. We cannot ignore that the moral force is one of the redirection forces which take charge of the actions and redirect the development in environmental ethics. The normativity which generates from the practicer's moral participations become and lead the interactions between human beings and environments. We can easily find so many environmental virtues in the deeds of the ecological philosophers. These virtues could be a great benefit to promote the harmonic relationship in between. Therefore, some environmental virtue ethicists attempt to develop an EVE involves providing a consideration of what environmental virtues are. In this paper I've examined several scholars who cultivate EVE, and give a brief introduction of four books which have provided major influences in the development of EVE in past two decades. Then I generalized four categories which are representative great contributions of EVE. I'll present the whole essential features of EVE should include by using the best aspects of previous published works in the end.

並列關鍵字

environmental ethics ； environmental virtue ； intellectual virtue ； environmental virtue ethics

參考文獻

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Cafaro, Philip(2004).Thoreau's Living Ethics: Walden and the Pursuit of Virtue.Athens:University of Georgia Press.