- 期刊
經濟全球化與區域化的論辯－從Rawls的正義理論析之
Economical Globalization versus Regionalization: Analysis from Rawls' Theory of Justice
摘要
在當今全球化的趨勢下，國際經濟整合已然是不可避免的方向；就此面向的發展方面，存在著兩種截然不同的國際建制模式－全球主義與區域主義－全球主義以WTO為宗，在既定的規範下，進行全球性的經濟整合；相對地，區域主義則出於國家的需求，繼而逐步跨大為區域的整合機制。然而，究竟循著何種路線發展較符合道德正確下的正義性，是本文所欲論述的核心重點。基於評估正義性的欲求，本文將援引John Rawls的正義理論，擴大其正義二原則的規範，而成為檢驗國際建制的正義性標準；歷經特徵轉換之後，筆者歸納出三項評量標準：（1）平等資格原則；（2）機會均等原則；（3）差等原則，據此針對全球與區域主義建制的發展，進行正義性的比較分析，期欲從比較的過程當中，確立符合正義性的國際建制模式。縱觀本文的論述，主要分為四大核心議題：（1）John Rawls的正義理論解析；（2）國際場域國內化的論證；（3）國際經濟發展的兩種思維；（4）全球與區域主義建制的正義性。在歷經此四階段的推導後，本文發現：基於（1）成員准入資格的廣泛程度；（2）成員參與決策機制的公平性；（3）差等補償機制的法制化，促使得就符合正義性的標準而言，全球主義建制顯然是優於區域主義建制。換言之，未來全球化的經濟整合模式，應該朝向以WTO建制為核心的全球主義建制的系絡發展較為適宜。
並列摘要
Under the tendency of globalization, the international economy conformity already was the inevitable direction; However, Globalism (e.g. the WTO cooperation pattern), or Regionalism (based on bilateral principle negotiated price pattern), which pattern is more conforming with justness and fairness, is the main discuss in this article. Based on just discussion, this article quoted John Rawls ”The Theory of Justice”, expanding its 'two principles of justice' to analysis the justness in international system. The author induced three items to comment: (1) The principle of equal qualifications; (2) The principle of equal opportunity; (3) The principle of differential compensation. In the view of development in Globalism and Regionalism, I'd hope to observe the just pattern in international system. This article mainly divides into four core subjects: (1) Analysis of John Rawls' just theory; (2) The proof of international society may regard as the domestic situation; (3) Distinction between Globalism and Regionalism; (4) The justness in two kinds of international system. After above four stage inferential reasoning, this article discovered that, Based on the reason of (1) The widespread degree of member admittance qualifications; (2) The fairness of member participates in the policy-making mechanism; (3) The legalization of compensative mechanism. Globalism is obviously more fair than Regionalism. In other words, this article think that WTO system is more suitable to be the pattern of global economic cooperation.