家庭壓力、家庭資源與家庭危機形成之研究－以台灣省立台中育幼院院童家庭爲例

A Study on Family Crisis Linking to Stress and Resources with Special Reference to Cases in the Taiwan Provincial Taichung Children's Home

張憶純(Yi-Chun Chang) ； 古允文(Yeun-Wen Ku)

《社會政策與社會工作學刊》 3卷1期 (1999/06) Pp. 95-139

https://doi.org/10.6785/SPSW.199906.0095

摘要

本研究以家庭壓力理論爲基礎，以將子女安置於教養機構而無法維繫家庭結構與功能的危機家庭爲例，探討家庭生命週期中的壓力事件，並分析爲何無法以家庭自身的資源或外界資源來因應壓力。研究方法採質化研究之個案研究法進行濃度訪談。在家庭壓力方面的分析發現，案家生命週期發展過程中所經歷的壓力事件有「接連性」與「連鎖性」之特質，具「壓力累積」的現象。在家庭資源方面，初級團體的資源有限，甚至包含著衝突與壓力，在社會支持的獲取上亦有困難：來自資源提供者是「資源貧乏」、「資源障礙」與「資源無效」三大類型；來自受訪者本身的困難因素則有，與資源者關係不睦、受訪者資源的缺乏、因烙印感未尋求資源、訊息不足及對於獲取資源的意願不高等因素。根據研究結果建議在對家庭問題的處遇與實質服務上，志願與政府部門應加強分工與整合以提供個案管理或照顧管理服務、建立社區網狀服務體系等支援。在政策方面，由於家庭需要獲得更積極的資源以協助其維繫或重建，國內目前又缺乏有系統的家庭政策，未來家庭政策之建構應是必需的，其方向須考量整體性、確認與強化家庭功能、並預防家庭的崩潰。

關鍵字

家庭壓力 ； 家庭危機 ； 家庭資源 ； 質化研究 ； 個案研究

並列摘要

This paper is bases on the ”ABC-X model of Family Stress” especially focusing on the forming of family dysfunction because of scarce resources. By case studies we interview with the parents who settled their children in the Taiwan Provincial Taichung Children' s Home, to see the processes why and how they must search for an alternative way to family functions. We find a ”stress pile-up” phenomenon in family life cycle. The resources at both personal level and family system are not enough to cope with stressful family events or situations, because the resources from such primary system are limited and usually with conflicts. And it is also hard to get supports from social system. Resources form social networks are ”poor”, ”blocked”, or ”unavailable”, while the relationship between the families and their potential resource providers are poor and difficult to have a just information. Finally, we tried to propose some strategies linking to the provisions to be done by social work practice and the government, including an improvement of public/private partnership, case (care) management and community-based services. We argue that more positive measures and resources should be devoted to preserve and reunify a well-functioning family. A more concrete and comprehensive family policy is necessary in the near future, by which families should not be left on their own.

並列關鍵字

family stress ； family crisis ； resources ； qualitative research ； case study

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