利用RAPD分子標誌技術進行蓖麻收集系親緣關係之鑑定

Phylogenetic Analysis of Castor in Taiwan by RAPD Markers

蘇沂婷(Yi-Ting Su) ； 郭介煒(Chei-Wei Kuo) ； 黃文理(Wen-Lii Huang)

《嘉大農林學報》 8卷1期 (2011/02) Pp. 80-92

https://doi.org/10.29891/JAFNCU.201102.0008

摘要

蓖麻(Ricinus communis L.)是重要的工業用油原料，有關蓖麻遺傳多樣性及親緣關係的研究甚少，國內亦無相關研究報導。本試驗共蒐集30個蓖麻種原（包含23個大陸品種與7個台灣收集系），同時於嘉義地區栽培，並進行農藝性狀調查，以比較不同收集系農藝性狀之差異，並配合RAPD(Random amplified polymorphic DNA)分子標誌分析技術，進行親緣關係之鑑定。試驗結果顯示主莖直徑、種子長與種子寬等特性在各收集系間未呈現顯著差異外，其餘包括株高、主莖節數、主穗位高、主穗長、主穗蒴果數、單株蒴果數、百粒重等特性在不同收集系間均呈現顯著差異。RAPD分析結果，利用篩選出的13組逢機引子，共擴增出86條片段，平均每個引子產生6.6個DNA條帶，其中有22條多型性DNA片段。試驗結果顯示28個收集系的遺傳相似度非常高，介於0.826~0.977間，經UPGMA群叢分析可將上述收集系區分為五大群。可知利用外表農藝性狀特性觀察，配合DNA分子標誌分析技術，可有效提高物種不同品系間親緣關係鑑定之準確率，並進一步作為作物品種改良之篩選標誌。

關鍵字

蓖麻 ； 逢機擴增多型性DNA ； 分子標誌 ； 親緣關係圖

並列摘要

Ricinus communis is an important industrial oil crop in the world. There are few studies published with respect to genetic diversity and phylogenetic tree in castor. At present study, we collected 30 accessions (including 23 accessions from China and 7 accessions from Taiwan), and cultivated at Chiayi area in 2008 crop season. First, we surveyed 14 agronomic characters at seed maturation stage. It showed that the main stem diameter, seed length, and seed width have no significant difference among all accessions. The other characters including plant height, node number, main ear height, main ear length, main ear capsule number, total capsule number, and 100-seed weight, have significant variation. These accessions were further identified the genetic similarity among castor accessions using RAPD (random amplified polymorphic DNA) marker system. Totally, 13 random primers were selected from the preliminary survey. There are 86 amplicons amplified, the average of DNA bands was 6.6 from each primer, and 22 amplicons showed DNA polymorphism results. Aside from that, the genetic distance among 28 castor accessions was ranged from 0.977 to 0.826. We sorted 5 groups based on genetic distance by UPGMA cluster analysis. These results suggested that using agronomic characters and RAPD analysis at the same time could enhance the accuracy of genetic relationship among castor germplasms. In conclusion, it provided molecular markers for further castor investigation breeding improvement in the future.

並列關鍵字

Castor Ricinus communis L. ； Random amplified polymorphic DNA ； Molecular markers ； Phylogenetic tree