黃土高原土壤元素地球化學特徵

The Elemental Geochemistry Characteristics of Soils on the Loess Plateau

田均良(Jun-Liang Tian)

《土壤與環境》 1卷2期 (1998/06) Pp. 171-176

https://doi.org/10.30058/SE.199806.0008

摘要

本文通過對覆蓋黃土高原主要土壤類型的64個剖面不同層次土壤樣品和46個表層土樣的39個化學元素含量分布的分析，深討黃土高原土壤元素地球化學基本特徵。研究結果表明，黃土高原土壤主要發育於乾旱／半乾旱環境中，土壤中水遷移能力強的K、Na、Ca、Mg等元素含量明顯高於全國土壤元素含量平均值，而在乾旱環境中易遷移的Hg、Se等元素則相反。利用相對富集系數研究土壤剖面元素的分布特徵表明：在土壤發生過程中，元素的表生地球化學行為差異明顯，鐵族元素表現的相對穩定，而親硫元素則相對活躍，反映黃土高原土壤形成於氧化偏鹼性環境。文中對所研究的39個元素在土壤中的遷移能力進行了定量評價與分類。

關鍵字

黃土高原 ； 土壤 ； 元素地球化學

並列摘要

Based on the analyses of contents of 39 elements and their distribution in soils covering the main types on the Loess Plateau, the basic characteristic of elemental geochemistry in soils on the Loess Plateau was studied. The result demonstrates that soils on the plateau mainly developed in a arid/semi-arid environment. The contents of K, Na, Ca, Mg, which have a high migration ability in water, are apparently higher than the average value of correspondent element in soils of the continent of China, on contrary, the contents of Hg and Se are lower. The result of study on the distribution character of elements in soil profiles by using the concentrated coefficients shows that the geochemical behaviors among the elements have apparently differences in soils, the siderophile elements were relatively stable while the chalcophile elements relatively more active. It reflects the soils on the plateau developed in a oxidation environment with slightly alkalinity. The migration abilities of 39 elements are quantitatively evaluated and classified.

並列關鍵字

the loess plateau ； soil ； elemental geochemistry