臺灣農地土壤有機碳貯存量及其在永續性土壤管理系統之應用

Total Organic Carbon Pools in Taiwan Rural Soils and Its Application in Sustainable Soil Management System

陳尊賢(Zueng-Sang Chen) ； 許正一(Zeng-Yei Hseu) ； 蔡呈奇(Chen-Chi Tsai)

《土壤與環境》 1卷4期 (1998/12) Pp. 295-306

https://doi.org/10.30058/SE.199812.0003

摘要

農地土壤有機碳的含量或貯存量除了會直接影響土壤供給氮、磷、鉀及各類養分給作物的能力，亦是影響土壤是否能永續經營策略的重要因素之一，因此研究此問題與其在永續土壤管理策略上之應用，是有其必要的。本研究收集臺灣不同地區九個土綱之農地土壤樣體共100個，經計算樣體中之碳貯存量，大多在8 kg/m^2/m以內（或5 kg/m^2/50 cm以內），只有黑沃土、膨轉土、灰燼土及有機質土等土綱之有機碳貯存量在15kg/m^2/m以上。此結果顯示農地土壤之有機碳偏低，如無法針對不同土壤不同碳含量進行土壤管理策略之擬定，要使臺灣農地土壤能維持永續利用，必定出現危機，故本文亦提出相關的永續土地管理系統之步驟及其評估方式，以達到農地土壤能永續經營的目標。此永續土地管理系統應包括：（1）重視土壤調查資料；（2）建立土壤最少資料組；（3）儘速建立土壤轉換函數；（4）結合模式模擬分析；及（5）建立土壤品質之評估與監測制度，達成完整的永續性土地管理系統，才能維持作物永續生產與土壤與環境品質。

關鍵字

有機碳貯存量 ； 永續性 ； 土壤管理系統 ； 土壤調查 ； 土壤轉換函數 ； 模式模擬 ； 土壤品質

並列摘要

Total organic carbon pools in the rural soils can directly influence on the supporting capacity of N, P, K, and other nutrients in the soils, and on the soil sustainable management strategy. It is necessary to study the organic carbon pools in Taiwan rural soils and its application in the sustainable soil management system. One hundred soil pedons selected from different Soil Orders or different regions in Taiwan were used to calculate the total organic carbon pools. The results indicate that the organic carbon pools in Taiwan rural soils is less than 8 kg/m^2/m (or 5 kg/m^2/50 cm), but the organic carbon pools in three Soil Orders including Mollisols, Andisols, and Histosols is higher than 15 kg/m^2/m. These results indicate that it is too low for the crop production. We also propose the sustainable soil management system in this paper to establish the system and to evaluate this system. This system include (1) using the soil survey databases, (2) establishing the minimum data sets of soil properties, (3) creating a pedotransfer function (PTF), (4) combing simulation models for changes of soil properties and prediction of crop production, and (5) evaluating the soil quality and monitoring system for keeping soil and environmental quality and crop production.

並列關鍵字

Organic carbon pools ； Sustainability ； Soil management system ； Soil survey ； Pedotransfer function ； Simulation model ； Soil quality