動物糞堆肥於不同土壤水分與培育溫度下氧化亞氮之排放

Nitrous Oxide Emission from Soil Amended with Animal Dung Composts at Various Incubation Temperatures and Soil Moistures

趙震慶(C. C. Chao) ； 王樹仁(S. R. Wang) ； 楊秋忠(C. C. Young) ； 趙維良(W. L. Chao) ； 謝元德(Y. T. Hseish)

《土壤與環境》 3卷2期 (2000/06) Pp. 159-172

https://doi.org/10.30058/SE.200006.0008

摘要

The application of animal dung compost in cropping soil will provide plant essential nutrients, increase soil microbial processes, and reduce the environmental pollution. The purpose of this study was to determine the combined influence of soil temperatures and moistures on the N2O flux, the percent of compost nitrogen derived N2O-N, and the controlling factors of N2O formation in soil. To accomplish these, different amounts of composted hog, chicken and cow dung were added to a sandy loam soil, and incubated samples at 20°C and 30°C with moisture content of these soils in either 60% of maximum water holding capacity or saturation with 3 cm of water over the soil surface. Soils were maintained at each temperature – moisture combination over a 70 days laboratory incubation, during which we periodically measured the flux of N2O and CO2, and took soil sample to analyze the biomass nitrogen, soil organic matter, denitrifying enzyme activity and available nitrogen.
The flux of N2O emission from soils amended with animal dung composts increased with increasing incubate temperature and amounts of total organic nitrogen application, and decreased with the treatment of soil immersion with the treatment of soil immersion with water. The treatment of soil without compost had emitted N2O, also. During the incubation time, the N2O flux had two high positive peaks in treatments of application animal dung compost, and the accumulative amounts of N2O emission from soils with double increased in the double amounts of application total organic nitrogen of compost, and decreased with the treatments in low temperature and soil immersion in water. In low temperature and soil immersion in water. In the identical condition, application same animal dung compost with different amounts of total nitrogen had been similar percent of nitrogen derived N2O-N. the influence of moistures, temperatures and amounts of application composts on the CO2 fluxes and accumulative amounts was same as in the experiment of N2O. The results indicated that the N2O flux was controlled by temperature, moisture and substrate concentration, and was correlated with activity of heterotrophic microorganisms (r²= 0.62 – 0.77, p＜0.001), microorganisms (r²= 0.31– 0.58, p＜0.001), soil organic matter (r²= 0.26– 0.44, p＜0.001) and denitrifying enzyme activity (r²= 0.19– 0.05, p＜0.01 or 0.01).

關鍵字

堆肥 ； 土壤 ； 氧化亞氮 ； 溫度 ； 水分

並列摘要

The application of animal dung compost in cropping soil will provide plant essential nutrients, increase soil microbial processes, and reduce the environmental pollution. The purpose of this study was to determine the combined influence of soil temperatures and moistures on the N2O flux, the percent of compost nitrogen derived N2O-N, and the controlling factors of N2O formation in soil. To accomplish these, different amounts of composted hog, chicken and cow dung were added to a sandy loam soil, and incubated samples at 20°C and 30°C with moisture content of these soils in either 60% of maximum water holding capacity or saturation with 3 cm of water over the soil surface. Soils were maintained at each temperature – moisture combination over a 70 days laboratory incubation, during which we periodically measured the flux of N2O and CO2, and took soil sample to analyze the biomass nitrogen, soil organic matter, denitrifying enzyme activity and available nitrogen.
The flux of N2O emission from soils amended with animal dung composts increased with increasing incubate temperature and amounts of total organic nitrogen application, and decreased with the treatment of soil immersion with the treatment of soil immersion with water. The treatment of soil without compost had emitted N2O, also. During the incubation time, the N2O flux had two high positive peaks in treatments of application animal dung compost, and the accumulative amounts of N2O emission from soils with double increased in the double amounts of application total organic nitrogen of compost, and decreased with the treatments in low temperature and soil immersion in water. In low temperature and soil immersion in water. In the identical condition, application same animal dung compost with different amounts of total nitrogen had been similar percent of nitrogen derived N2O-N. the influence of moistures, temperatures and amounts of application composts on the CO2 fluxes and accumulative amounts was same as in the experiment of N2O. The results indicated that the N2O flux was controlled by temperature, moisture and substrate concentration, and was correlated with activity of heterotrophic microorganisms (r²= 0.62 – 0.77, p＜0.001), microorganisms (r²= 0.31– 0.58, p＜0.001), soil organic matter (r²= 0.26– 0.44, p＜0.001) and denitrifying enzyme activity (r²= 0.19– 0.05, p＜0.01 or 0.01).

並列關鍵字

Compost ； Soil ； Nitrous oxide ； Temperature ； Moisture